产区、年份和葡萄成熟度共同塑造了赤霞珠葡萄酒的离子特征。

Region, vintage, and grape maturity co-shaped the ionomic signatures of the Cabernet Sauvignon wines.

机构信息

Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China.

Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, College of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.

出版信息

Food Res Int. 2023 Jan;163:112165. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112165. Epub 2022 Nov 19.

DOI:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112165

PMID:36596113

Abstract

The ionic elements in wine and in vineyards are gaining attention due to characterization of the wine traits, wine origin tracing, and vine nutrient judging. In this experiment, 19 elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 69 wine samples from 4 regions, 3 vintages, and 3 grape maturity levels. Furthermore, the elements related to vine development, such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn and Cu in the vineyard soil and petioles were determined. Two orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (O2PLS-DA) showed that K, Mn, Co, Sr, B, Si, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Zn were important elements in distinguishing the regions. High-temperature vintages can bring wines with high levels of Sr in wine. Na, Ca, K, Mg, Rb, Al, Rb, Pb and Fe can be used as signature elements to distinguish wines made from 2 grape maturities. And Cu, Zn, and Mn were the key elements used to differentiate the petioles in the 4 regions. Partial square regression (PLSR) analysis showed that soil pH was positively correlated with Al, B, Ba, K, Pb, Mn, Sr and Rb in wine, and K in wine was significantly positively correlated with element K in the soil. In conclusion, the elemental contents in wine are shaped by the combination of origin, vintage and grape maturity, while some key elements can be used as indicators of origin traceability.

摘要

由于葡萄酒特征的描述、葡萄酒产地溯源和葡萄养分判断，葡萄酒和葡萄园的离子元素正受到关注。本实验采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）检测了来自 4 个产区、3 个年份和 3 个葡萄成熟度的 69 个葡萄酒样品中的 19 种元素。此外，还测定了葡萄园土壤和叶柄中与葡萄生长发育相关的元素，如 N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn 和 Cu。两种正交偏最小二乘判别分析（O2PLS-DA）表明，K、Mn、Co、Sr、B、Si、Pb、Ni、Cu 和 Zn 是区分产区的重要元素。高温年份可使葡萄酒中 Sr 含量较高。Na、Ca、K、Mg、Rb、Al、Rb、Pb 和 Fe 可作为区分 2 种葡萄成熟度葡萄酒的特征元素。Cu、Zn 和 Mn 是区分 4 个产区叶柄的关键元素。偏最小二乘回归（PLSR）分析表明，葡萄酒中土壤 pH 值与 Al、B、Ba、K、Pb、Mn、Sr 和 Rb 呈正相关，葡萄酒中 K 与土壤中 K 元素呈显著正相关。综上所述，葡萄酒中的元素含量是由产地、年份和葡萄成熟度共同作用形成的，而一些关键元素可以作为产地溯源的指示物。