Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Germplasm Resources in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Institute of Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining 810016, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling 712100, China.
Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Germplasm Resources in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Institute of Qinghai University, Qinghai, Xining 810016, China.
Food Res Int. 2023 Jan;163:112287. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112287. Epub 2022 Dec 5.
There is considerable knowledge about plant compounds that produce flavor, scent, and aroma. Aside from the similarities, however, groups of plant-produced nutrients and taste components have little in common with each other. Network analysis holds promise for metabolic gene discovery, which is especially important in plant systems where metabolic networks are not yet fully resolved. To bridge this gap, we propose a joint model of gene regulation and metabolic reactions in two different pepino varieties. Differential metabolomics analysis is carried out for detection of eventual interaction of compound. We adopted a multi-omics approach to profile the transcriptome and metabolome analyze differences in phenolic acids, flavonoids, organic acids, lipids, alkaloids, and sugars between LOF and SRF. The two most predominant classes of metabolites are phenolic acids and lipids in pepino. Overall results show enrichment in most DEGs was carbohydrate and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites pathway. Results of DEMs predominantly comprised N-p-coumaroyl agmatine and tryptamine, and significant differences were observed in their expression between LOF and SRF. Integrated DEMs and DEGs specific networks were constructed by combining two types of networks: transcriptional regulatory networks composed of interactions between DEMs and the regulated genes, and pepino metabolite-metabolite interaction networks. Newly discovered features, such as DEGs (USPA, UBE2 and DELLA) involved in the production of secondary metabolites are found in coregulated gene clusters. Moreover, lipid metabolites were most involved in DEMs correlations by OPLS-DA while identifying a significant number of DEGs co-regulated by SENP1, HMGCS et al. These results further that the metabolite discrepancies result from characterized the nutrients and taste components between two pepino genotype. Among the possible causes of the differences between species in pepino metabolite concentrations is co-regulated by these DEGs, continue to suggest that novel features of metabolite biosynthetic pathway remain to be uncovered. Finally, the integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses have revealed that many important metabolic pathways are regulated at the transcriptional level. The metabolites content differences observed among varieties of the same species mainly originates from different regulated genes and enzymes expression. Overall, this study provides new insights into the underlying causes of differences in the plant metabolites and suggests that genetic data can be used to improve its nutrients and taste components.
有相当多的知识是关于产生味道、气味和香气的植物化合物。然而，除了相似之处之外，植物产生的营养物质和味道成分组彼此之间很少有共同之处。网络分析有望发现代谢基因，这在代谢网络尚未完全解决的植物系统中尤为重要。为了弥补这一差距，我们提出了一种在两种不同 pepino 品种中基因调控和代谢反应的联合模型。差异代谢组学分析用于检测化合物的最终相互作用。我们采用多组学方法来描绘转录组和代谢组，分析 LOF 和 SRF 之间在酚酸、类黄酮、有机酸、脂质、生物碱和糖方面的差异。在 pepino 中，两种最主要的代谢物类别是酚酸和脂质。总体结果表明，大多数差异表达基因的富集途径是碳水化合物和次生代谢物的生物合成途径。差异表达代谢物主要由 N-p-肉桂酰胍氨酸和色胺组成，在 LOF 和 SRF 之间观察到它们的表达存在显著差异。通过将两种类型的网络结合起来构建了集成的差异表达代谢物和差异表达基因特定网络：由差异表达代谢物和调节基因之间的相互作用组成的转录调控网络，以及 pepino 代谢物-代谢物相互作用网络。在核心调控基因簇中发现了新发现的特征，例如参与次生代谢产物生成的 DEGs（USPA、UBE2 和 DELLA）。此外，脂质代谢物通过 OPLS-DA 与差异表达基因的相关性最密切，同时确定了由 SENP1、HMGCS 等共同调节的大量 DEGs。这些结果进一步表明，两种 pepino 基因型之间的营养物质和味道成分的差异是由代谢物决定的。在 pepino 代谢物浓度在物种间存在差异的可能原因中，这些 DEGs 的共同调节继续表明，代谢物生物合成途径的新特征仍有待发现。最后，整合的代谢组学和转录组学分析表明，许多重要的代谢途径在转录水平上受到调控。在同一物种的不同品种之间观察到的代谢物含量差异主要来源于不同的调节基因和酶的表达。总的来说，这项研究提供了对植物代谢物差异的潜在原因的新见解，并表明遗传数据可用于改善其营养物质和味道成分。
