Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Epidemiology Observatory, 50100, Florence, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100, Pisa, Italy.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Jan 5;23(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s12888-022-04401-4.
Mental disorders are a major public health problem. However, over the last few years, there have been few studies aimed at evaluating their diffusion. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating: the prevalence of the most frequent psychiatric disorders in the general population residing in Tuscany using a clinical scale administered by trainee in psychiatry.
The study was carried out on a representative sample of the general population aged > 18 years, randomly extracted from the register of patients in the Tuscany region, adopting a proportional sampling method stratified by gender, age group and Local Health Units (LHU). Each person was contacted by letter followed by a phone call from an operator who makes an appointment with the trainee in psychiatry. The diagnostic interview conducted was the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Point and lifetime prevalence by gender and age group were calculated. Differences and associations were considered statistically significant if their p-values were less than 0.05.
Of the 408 people involved, 390 people were enrolled (of which 52.6% female). The 28.5% of the sample had been affected by a psychiatric disorder during their lifetime. In their lifetime, the most represented psychiatric disorders were major depressive episode (20.4%), major depressive disorder (17.0%) and panic disorder (10.3%), more frequent in the female than the male group. Current conditions were predominantly major depressive episode (3.1%) and agoraphobia (2.8%). A 5.9% rate of current suicidal ideation was also found.
In the general population, 28.5% of people reported a psychiatric disorder during their lifetime. This prevalence is considerably higher than that reported in a previous study carried out in central Italy.
精神障碍是一个主要的公共卫生问题。然而，在过去的几年中，很少有研究旨在评估其传播情况。因此，本研究旨在评估：使用由精神科实习生管理的临床量表，评估居住在托斯卡纳的普通人群中最常见的精神障碍的患病率。
该研究对来自托斯卡纳地区患者登记处的随机抽取的年龄>18 岁的普通人群进行了代表性抽样，采用性别、年龄组和地方卫生单位（LHU）分层的比例抽样方法。通过信件联系每个人，然后由运营商打电话给精神科实习生预约。进行的诊断访谈是迷你国际神经精神访谈（MINI）。按性别和年龄组计算点患病率和终生患病率。如果其 p 值小于 0.05，则认为差异和关联具有统计学意义。
在 408 名参与者中，有 390 人入组（其中 52.6%为女性）。28.5%的样本在其一生中曾受到精神障碍的影响。在他们的一生中，最常见的精神障碍是重性抑郁发作（20.4%）、重性抑郁障碍（17.0%）和惊恐障碍（10.3%），女性比男性更为常见。当前的情况主要是重性抑郁发作（3.1%）和广场恐怖症（2.8%）。还发现当前有 5.9%的自杀意念率。
在普通人群中，28.5%的人在其一生中报告有精神障碍。这一患病率明显高于在意大利中部进行的先前研究报告的患病率。
