School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Clin Exp Optom. 2023 Mar;106(2):150-157. doi: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2151871. Epub 2023 Jan 4.
Providing optometry learners with cultural safety training can improve patient safety and health outcomes among Indigenous Peoples.
Healthcare practitioners require cultural safety training to provide safe eye care to Indigenous Peoples in Canada. Culturally safe care requires optometrists to critically reflect upon their unconscious biases and power differences that impact patient care. Informed by the cultural safety literature and working directly with learners, revisions were made to first and second-year optometry clinic experience courses in a Canadian Doctor of Optometry program. This descriptive study examined student feedback on curricular changes, focused on enhancing cultural safety.
An 8-item, anonymous, online survey was offered to all learners (n = 178) enrolled in clinic experience courses at in fall 2021 and winter 2022. The survey addressed student understanding of cultural safety, comfort with self-reflective activities, and course effectiveness in teaching patient-centred care. Six items used a 5-point Likert response scale. Descriptive statistics were analyzed (Wilcoxon and Wilcoxon-Pratt). Two open-ended items were analysed using content analysis for themes.
Thirty-three surveys were completed. Overall respondents found the clinic experience courses provided effective training in cultural safety and were of professional value. Comfort engaging in self-reflective activities increased (before: mean response 4.0; after: 4.4), and students made connections with societal problems (overall mean 3.5) and with bias/power differential (overall mean 4.0). Suggested changes to support the learning objectives included increased clinic observation, scaffolding these topics in additional courses, and adding relevant literature (e.g. anti-racism) and guest speakers with Indigenous knowledge and experience.
Optometry learners were favourable about the inclusion of cultural safety concepts in their clinic experience courses. Their feedback points to areas for improvement including deepening course content, and collaborating with Indigenous Peoples in content, course design, and cross-curricular scaffolding.
为验光师学员提供文化安全培训可以提高加拿大原住民患者的安全和健康结果。
医疗保健从业者需要进行文化安全培训，以便为加拿大的原住民提供安全的眼部护理。文化安全护理要求验光师批判性地反思影响患者护理的无意识偏见和权力差异。本研究受文化安全文献的启发，并与学习者直接合作，对加拿大视光博士课程的第一和第二年视光诊所体验课程进行了修订。这项描述性研究考察了学生对增强文化安全的课程改革的反馈。
2021 年秋季和 2022 年冬季，向所有在诊所体验课程中注册的学员（n=178）提供了一份 8 项匿名在线调查。该调查针对学生对文化安全的理解、对自我反思活动的舒适度以及课程在教授以患者为中心的护理方面的有效性。六项使用 5 分李克特量表进行评估。对描述性统计数据进行了分析（Wilcoxon 和 Wilcoxon-Pratt）。使用内容分析对两个开放式问题进行了主题分析。
完成了 33 份调查。总体而言，受访者认为诊所体验课程提供了有效的文化安全培训，具有专业价值。参与自我反思活动的舒适度增加（之前：平均反应 4.0；之后：4.4），学生与社会问题（总体平均 3.5）和偏见/权力差异（总体平均 4.0）建立了联系。为支持学习目标提出的更改建议包括增加诊所观察、在其他课程中为这些主题提供框架以及添加相关文献（例如反种族主义）和具有原住民知识和经验的客座演讲者。
验光师学员对将文化安全概念纳入其诊所体验课程表示满意。他们的反馈指向需要改进的领域，包括深化课程内容，并与原住民合作，在内容、课程设计和跨课程框架方面进行合作。
