Aldabbagh Mona A, Abughasham Asma, Alansari Ghaday, Bougis Suaad, Melibari Ealaf, Alhatmi Nada, Khan Muhammad A, Jastaniah Wasil
Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU.
Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences College of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Nov 30;14(11):e32068. doi: 10.7759/cureus.32068. eCollection 2022 Nov.
To estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) infection among patients receiving cancer chemotherapy and to identify risk factors for latent TB reactivation.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Patients were surveyed for TB risk factors, their records were reviewed for previous TB infection or disease, and blood samples were collected for interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs).
A total of 203 patients were included. One hundred and twenty-five were females (62%). Median age was 52 years, and mean age was significantly higher in positive IGRA patients compared to negative IGRA (57.32 vs. 47.27; = 0.009). Twenty-five patients (12.3%) had evidence of TB infection, 16 (68%) among them had a latent TB infection, while the rest received treatment for an active TB disease. The rate of active disease among cancer patients was 8 (3.9%). Additionally, 92% (23) of those with positive IGRA had solid cancers ( = 0.007), and all active TB cases occurred in this group of solid cancers.
TB prevalence was higher in chemotherapy patients compared to the general Saudi population. Patients with solid tumors and older age had a greater risk of developing the infection, signifying the importance of preventing TB and malignancy coexistence by initiating screening policies in cancer patients.
评估接受癌症化疗患者的结核病（TB）感染率，并确定潜伏性结核再激活的危险因素。
在沙特阿拉伯吉达的一家三级医疗中心进行了一项横断面研究。对患者进行结核病危险因素调查，查阅其既往结核感染或疾病记录，并采集血样进行干扰素-γ释放试验（IGRAs）。
共纳入203例患者。其中125例为女性（62%）。年龄中位数为52岁，IGRA阳性患者的平均年龄显著高于IGRA阴性患者（57.32岁对47.27岁；P = 0.009）。25例患者（12.3%）有结核感染证据，其中16例（68%）为潜伏性结核感染，其余接受活动性结核病治疗。癌症患者中的活动性疾病发生率为8例（3.9%）。此外，IGRA阳性者中有92%（23例）患有实体癌（P = 0.007），所有活动性结核病例均发生在这组实体癌患者中。
与沙特普通人群相比，化疗患者中的结核病患病率更高。实体瘤患者和老年患者发生感染的风险更大，这表明通过在癌症患者中启动筛查政策来预防结核病和恶性肿瘤共存具有重要意义。
