Ferguson David P, Leszczynski Eric C, Horton Teresa H, Pfeiffer Karin A, Gardiner Joseph, Pearson Amber L
Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, United States.
Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, United States.
Sports Med Health Sci. 2022 Jul 5;4(4):275-279. doi: 10.1016/j.smhs.2022.07.002. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Racial and ethnic minorities in economically deprived inner cities experience high rates of chronic diseases compared to neighborhoods with higher socioeconomic status (SES). However, these economically deprived populations are understudied in terms of biomarkers associated with chronic disease risk which include C-reactive protein (CRP), telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), and glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C). We examined relationships between CRP and TERT and chronic disease indicators (body mass index [BMI] and A1C) in two low-income, predominantly African American (AA) neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan. Sixty-nine adults (43 females, 26 males, mean age 46 years [y], standard deviation [] = 15.9) completed a health survey, anthropometry, and finger stick blood tests. A1C was measured using A1CNow test strips, and CRP and TERT levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with samples extracted from dried blood spots. We examined CRP (mean = 4.9, = 3.1), TERT (mean = 32.5, = 15.1), and A1C (mean = 5.4, = 1.0) by BMI category. We fitted restricted maximum likelihood regression models to evaluate associations between CRP, TERT, BMI, and A1C, after adjustment for demographics and inclusion of a random effect for the neighborhood. In this predominantly AA sample (91%, 63/69), 68% had levels of CRP (means = 4.8 mg/L, = 3.0 for AAs; 6.4 mg/L, = 3.9 for all others) indicative of chronic inflammation (CRP greater than 3 mg/L). BMI was significantly associated with CRP ( = 0.004) and TERT ( = 0.026). TERT levels indicate that being overweight is associated with markers of chromosome remodeling, suggestive of chronic disease. CRP followed a similar trend with overweight individuals having higher inflammation and risk of chronic disease. Our findings warrant further exploration of additional factors that may influence CRP and TERT. Furthermore, examining populations in a more ethnically and/or economically diverse, yet still high proportion minority, sample will fill a knowledge gap in this understudied field.
与社会经济地位较高（SES）的社区相比，经济贫困的市中心地区的少数族裔慢性病发病率较高。然而，就与慢性病风险相关的生物标志物而言，这些经济贫困人群的研究较少，这些生物标志物包括C反应蛋白（CRP）、端粒酶逆转录酶（TERT）和糖化血红蛋白（A1C）。我们在密歇根州底特律的两个低收入、主要为非裔美国人（AA）的社区中，研究了CRP与TERT以及慢性病指标（体重指数[BMI]和A1C）之间的关系。69名成年人（43名女性，26名男性，平均年龄46岁[y]，标准差[] = 15.9）完成了健康调查、人体测量和指尖采血检测。使用A1CNow试纸条测量A1C，使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）从干血斑中提取样本测量CRP和TERT水平。我们按BMI类别检查了CRP（平均值 = 4.9， = 3.1）、TERT（平均值 = 32.5， = 15.1）和A1C（平均值 = 5.4， = 1.0）。在对人口统计学进行调整并纳入社区随机效应后，我们拟合了受限最大似然回归模型，以评估CRP、TERT、BMI和A1C之间的关联。在这个主要为非裔美国人的样本（91%，63/69）中，68%的人CRP水平（平均值 = 4.8 mg/L，非裔美国人的标准差 = 3.0；其他所有人的平均值 = 6.4 mg/L，标准差 = 3.9）表明存在慢性炎症（CRP大于3 mg/L）。BMI与CRP（ = 0.004）和TERT（ = 0.026）显著相关。TERT水平表明超重与染色体重塑标志物相关，提示存在慢性病。CRP也呈现类似趋势，超重个体的炎症和慢性病风险更高。我们的研究结果值得进一步探索可能影响CRP和TERT的其他因素。此外，在一个种族和/或经济更加多样化、但少数族裔比例仍然很高的样本中进行研究，将填补这个研究不足领域的知识空白。
