孕期超加工食品（UPF）的摄入量与母婴结局
Ultra-processed food (UPF) intake in pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes.
作者信息
Ben-Avraham Sivan, Kohn Elkana, Tepper Sigal, Lubetzky Ronit, Mandel Dror, Berkovitch Matitiahu, Shahar Danit R
机构信息
The International Center for Health Innovation & Nutrition, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
出版信息
Eur J Nutr. 2023 Apr;62(3):1403-1413. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-03072-x. Epub 2023 Jan 6.
PURPOSE
Ultra-processed food (UPF), as defined by the NOVA classification, is related to lower diet quality, which may adversely affect maternal health and neonatal outcomes. This study aims to describe nutrient intake of pregnant women by the share of UPF in the diet and to identify associations between UPF intake and maternal and neonatal outcomes.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, pregnant women (n = 206) were recruited upon arrival to the obstetrics ward for delivery, and asked to complete a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and questionnaires regarding environmental exposures, and socio-demographic characteristics. Neonatal measurements and clinical data were obtained following delivery. UPF energy intake was expressed as absolute and in terms of percent from total energy. Women with high intake of energy from UPF were compared to those with low intake.
RESULTS
Among 206 pregnant women, dietary intake of UPF ranged from 15.6% to 43.4% of total energy in the first and fourth quartiles of UPF consumption, respectively. Women in the fourth quartile of energy from UPF had lower intakes of vitamin C, beta-carotene, vitamin B6, and potassium, which is indicative of inferior diet quality. Percent energy from UPF was associated with maternal obesity (BMI ≥ 30) (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.10, p = 0.008) and shorter male infant ano-genital distance (AGD) (B = -1.9, 95% CI: -3.5, -0.24, p = 0.02).
CONCLUSIONS
UPF intake during pregnancy is associated with undesirable maternal and neonatal outcomes and more research is needed to confirm these findings.
目的
根据新诺瓦分类法定义的超加工食品（UPF）与较低的饮食质量相关，这可能会对孕产妇健康和新生儿结局产生不利影响。本研究旨在通过饮食中UPF的占比描述孕妇的营养摄入情况，并确定UPF摄入量与孕产妇和新生儿结局之间的关联。
方法
在这项横断面研究中，206名孕妇在进入产科病房分娩时被招募，并被要求完成一份食物频率问卷（FFQ），以及关于环境暴露和社会人口学特征的问卷。分娩后获取新生儿测量数据和临床资料。UPF能量摄入以绝对值和占总能量的百分比表示。将UPF能量摄入量高的女性与摄入量低的女性进行比较。
结果
在206名孕妇中，UPF的饮食摄入量在UPF消费的第一和第四四分位数中分别占总能量的15.6%至43.4%。来自UPF的能量处于第四四分位数的女性维生素C、β-胡萝卜素、维生素B6和钾的摄入量较低，这表明饮食质量较差。UPF中的能量百分比与孕产妇肥胖（BMI≥30）相关（OR = 1.06，95% CI：1.06，1.10，p = 0.008），并且男婴肛门生殖器距离（AGD）较短（B = -1.9，95% CI：-3.5，-0.24，p = 0.02）。
结论
孕期摄入UPF与不良的孕产妇和新生儿结局相关，需要更多研究来证实这些发现。
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