McIntosh Erin
Erin McIntosh, MA, CF-SLP, is the Speech-Language Pathologist, Plymouth, Michigan.
Home Healthc Now. 2023;41(1):36-41. doi: 10.1097/NHH.0000000000001134.
Dysphagia, or difficult swallowing, can result in malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, and airway obstruction. Some primary etiologies of dysphagia include neurological disorders, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, head and neck cancer, cervical spine injury, and stroke. Home care clinicians are often the first healthcare professionals to encounter patients exhibiting signs of dysphagia and can play an important role in identifying, referring, and educating patients with dysphagia. This article will discuss the broad types of dysphagia, the signs and symptoms that suggest dysphagia, and the possible etiology and treatment.
吞咽困难，即吞咽障碍，可导致营养不良、脱水、吸入性肺炎和气道阻塞。吞咽困难的一些主要病因包括神经系统疾病、创伤性脑损伤、帕金森病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、头颈癌、颈椎损伤和中风。家庭护理临床医生通常是首批接触有吞咽困难迹象患者的医疗保健专业人员，在识别、转诊和教育吞咽困难患者方面可发挥重要作用。本文将讨论吞咽困难的广泛类型、提示吞咽困难的体征和症状，以及可能的病因和治疗方法。
