Department of Biology, College of Science, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 30;20(1):673. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20010673.
Numerous community indices have been developed to quantify the various aspects of communities. However, indices including functional aspects have been less focused on. Here, we examined how community composition varies in response to the environment and discovered the relationship between taxonomic diversity and functional diversity while considering the environment. Macroinvertebrate communities were collected from 20 reservoirs in South Korea. To characterize functional diversity, functional traits in four categories were considered: generation per year, adult lifespan, adult size, and functional feeding groups. Based on their community composition, we classified the reservoirs using hierarchical cluster analysis. Physicochemical and land use variables varied considerably between clusters. Non-metric multidimensional scaling indicated differences between reservoirs and clusters in terms of structure, functional diversity, and environmental variables. A self-organizing map was used to categorize functional traits, and network association analysis was used to unravel relationships between functional traits. Our results support the characteristics of species' survival strategies such as r- and K-selection. Functional richness exhibited a relationship with taxonomic diversity. Our findings suggest that different types of diversity could play complementary roles in identifying biodiversity. Our findings should prove useful in developing new criteria for assessing freshwater ecosystem health, as well as in evaluating and predicting future alteration of benthic macroinvertebrate communities facing anthropogenic disturbances.
已经开发出许多社区指标来量化社区的各个方面。然而，针对功能方面的指标却关注较少。在这里，我们研究了群落组成如何响应环境变化，并在考虑环境的情况下，发现了分类多样性和功能多样性之间的关系。从韩国的 20 个水库中采集了大型无脊椎动物群落。为了描述功能多样性，我们考虑了四个类别的功能特征：每年的世代数、成虫寿命、成虫体型和功能摄食群。根据群落组成，我们使用层次聚类分析对水库进行了分类。聚类之间的理化和土地利用变量差异很大。非度量多维标度分析表明，水库和聚类在结构、功能多样性和环境变量方面存在差异。自组织映射用于对功能特征进行分类，网络关联分析用于揭示功能特征之间的关系。我们的结果支持物种生存策略的特征，如 r-和 K-选择。功能丰富度与分类多样性呈正相关。我们的研究结果表明，不同类型的多样性可以在识别生物多样性方面发挥互补作用。我们的研究结果应该有助于为评估淡水生态系统健康制定新的标准，以及评估和预测在人为干扰下底栖大型无脊椎动物群落未来的变化。
