Liu Jiamin, Xu Lei, Liu Manhong, Yu Hongxian, Ming Xiaoyang, Yin Jiahao, Ekyamba Shabani
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 9;10(14):e34334. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34334. eCollection 2024 Jul 30.
Continuous wetland restoration initiatives in China are increasing, due to the global degradation of wetland ecosystems. However, monitoring of the restoration situation remains incomplete. In this study, we investigated the effects of wetland restoration on the macroinvertebrate taxonomic structure and feeding functional groups (FFGs) in the Naolihe National Nature Reserve (NNNR). Macroinvertebrate taxonomic diversity can be used to monitor wetlands, and we hypothesized that FFGs serve the same function. We calculated the diversity index, performed a non-metric multidimensional analysis based on macroinvertebrate taxonomics and FFGs, and subsequently, performed a -test on the results. The results showed that macroinvertebrate diversity and FFGs analyses were in general agreement with taxonomic diversity, indicating that the macroinvertebrate community in the wetland with five years of fallow land was resembled that of the natural wetland. In contrast, the macroinvertebrate community in the wetland with two years of fallow differed significantly from that in the natural wetland. Additionally, the results of the ecosystem attributes based on biomass and FFGs showed that restored wetlands exhibited lower habitat stability than natural wetlands. Nutrients (NH -N, NO -N, and total phosphorus) explained the changes in macroinvertebrate FFGs in the restored wetlands to a greater extent than in the natural wetlands. The results of this study highlight the importance of macroinvertebrate FFGs in wetland monitoring, which supports the use of macroinvertebrate FFGs in the NNNR to monitor wetland restoration.
由于全球湿地生态系统的退化，中国持续开展的湿地恢复举措日益增多。然而，对恢复情况的监测仍不全面。在本研究中，我们调查了湿地恢复对挠力河国家级自然保护区大型无脊椎动物分类结构和取食功能群的影响。大型无脊椎动物分类多样性可用于监测湿地，我们假设功能群也有同样的作用。我们计算了多样性指数，基于大型无脊椎动物分类学和功能群进行了非度量多维分析，随后对结果进行了t检验。结果表明，大型无脊椎动物多样性和功能群分析总体上与分类多样性一致，这表明休耕五年的湿地中的大型无脊椎动物群落与自然湿地相似。相比之下，休耕两年的湿地中的大型无脊椎动物群落与自然湿地有显著差异。此外，基于生物量和功能群的生态系统属性结果表明，恢复后的湿地栖息地稳定性低于自然湿地。营养物质（NH₄⁺-N、NO₃⁻-N和总磷）在更大程度上解释了恢复湿地中大型无脊椎动物功能群的变化，而不是自然湿地。本研究结果突出了大型无脊椎动物功能群在湿地监测中的重要性，支持在挠力河国家级自然保护区使用大型无脊椎动物功能群来监测湿地恢复情况。
