School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
Molecules. 2022 Dec 24;28(1):144. doi: 10.3390/molecules28010144.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been broadly applied to numerous domains with a substantial surface area, tunable pore size, and multiple unsaturated metal sites. Recently, hollow MOFs have greatly attracted the scientific community due to their internal cavities and gradient pore structures. Hollow MOFs have a higher tunability, faster mass-transfer rates, and more accessible active sites when compared to traditional, solid MOFs. Hollow MOFs are also considered to be candidates for some functional material carriers. For example, composite materials such as hollow MOFs and metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, and enzymes have been prepared. These composite materials integrate the characteristics of hollow MOFs with functional materials and are broadly used in many aspects. This review describes the preparation strategies of hollow MOFs and their composites as well as their applications in organic catalysis, electrochemical sensing, and adsorption separation. Finally, we hope that this review provides meaningful knowledge about hollow-MOF composites and their derivatives and offers many valuable references to develop hollow-MOF-based applied materials.
金属-有机骨架（MOFs）具有大的比表面积、可调的孔径和多个不饱和金属位点，已广泛应用于众多领域。最近，由于其内部空腔和梯度孔结构，中空 MOFs 极大地吸引了科学界的关注。与传统的固态 MOFs 相比，中空 MOFs 具有更高的可调性、更快的传质速率和更多可及的活性位点。中空 MOFs 也被认为是一些功能材料载体的候选者。例如，已经制备了中空 MOFs 与金属纳米粒子、金属氧化物和酶等复合材料。这些复合材料将中空 MOFs 的特性与功能材料相结合，广泛应用于许多方面。本综述描述了中空 MOFs 及其复合材料的制备策略以及它们在有机催化、电化学传感和吸附分离中的应用。最后，我们希望本综述能为中空-MOF 复合材料及其衍生物提供有意义的知识，并为开发基于中空-MOF 的应用材料提供许多有价值的参考。
