Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 3;28(1):401. doi: 10.3390/molecules28010401.
In this article, we describe the antimicrobial properties of pristine anodised aluminium oxide matrices-the material many consider biologically inert. During a typical anodisation process, chromium and chlorine compounds are used for electropolishing and the removal of the first-step aluminium oxide. Matrices without the use of those harmful compounds were also fabricated and tested for comparison. The antibacterial tests were conducted on four strains of : K12, R2, R3 and R4. The properties of the matrices were also compared to the three types of antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, bleomycin and cloxacillin using the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) tests. Moreover, DNA was isolated from the analysed bacteria which was additionally digested with formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) protein from the group of repair glycosases. These enzymes are markers of modified oxidised bases in nucleic acids produced during oxidative stress in cells. Preliminary cellular studies, MIC and MBC tests and digestion with Fpg protein after modification of bacterial DNA suggest that these compounds may have greater potential as antibacterial agents than the aforementioned antibiotics. The described composites are highly specific for the analysed model strains and may be used in the future as new substitutes for commonly used antibiotics in clinical and nosocomial infections in the progressing pandemic era. The results show much stronger antibacterial properties of the functionalised membranes on the action of bacterial membranes in comparison to the antibiotics in the Fpg digestion experiment. This is most likely due to the strong induction of oxidative stress in the cell through the breakdown of the analysed bacterial DNA.
在本文中，我们描述了原始阳极氧化铝基体的抗菌性能——许多人认为这种材料具有生物惰性。在典型的阳极氧化过程中，使用铬和氯化合物进行电抛光和去除第一步的氧化铝。我们还制造了没有使用这些有害化合物的基体，并进行了测试以作比较。抗菌试验在 K12、R2、R3 和 R4 四种菌株上进行。还使用最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) 和最低杀菌浓度 (MBC) 试验将这些基体的性能与三种类型的抗生素：环丙沙星、博来霉素和氯唑西林进行了比较。此外，从分析的细菌中提取 DNA，并用修复糖苷酶组中的 formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) 蛋白进一步消化。这些酶是细胞氧化应激过程中产生的核酸中修饰氧化碱基的标志物。初步细胞研究、MIC 和 MBC 试验以及细菌 DNA 修饰后的 Fpg 蛋白消化表明，与上述抗生素相比，这些化合物可能具有更大的抗菌潜力。所描述的复合材料对分析的模型菌株具有高度特异性，并且可能在未来作为临床和医院感染中常用抗生素的替代品在不断发展的大流行时代使用。结果表明，功能化膜在 Fpg 消化实验中对细菌膜的作用具有更强的抗菌性能。这很可能是由于分析细菌 DNA 的分解导致细胞中强烈诱导了氧化应激。
