Schabikowski Mateusz, Stróż Agnieszka, Kruk Andrzej
Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Aug 13;26(16):7809. doi: 10.3390/ijms26167809.
Anodised metal matrices represent a versatile and multifunctional platform for the development of advanced materials with tunable physicochemical properties. Through electrochemical oxidation processes-commonly referred to as anodisation-metals such as aluminium, titanium, niobium, zinc and tantalum can be transformed into structured oxide layers with defined porosity, thickness and surface morphology. These methods enable the fabrication of ordered nanoporous arrays, nanotubes and nanowires, depending on the process parameters and the type of metal. The review introduces and outlines the various anodisation techniques and parameters. This is crucial, since each individual metal requires specified optimal conditions to obtain a stable anodised oxide layer. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the design and application of anodised metal substrates, with the focus on their role as functional platforms in catalysis, sensing, energy storage and biomedical engineering. Special attention is given to post-anodisation surface modification strategies, such as chemical functionalisation, thin-film deposition and molecular-level integration, which significantly expand the utility of these materials. The review also highlights the challenges, limitations and future perspectives of anodising technologies, aiming to guide the rational design of next-generation devices based on engineered oxide architectures.
阳极氧化金属基体是一种多功能平台，可用于开发具有可调物理化学性质的先进材料。通过电化学氧化过程（通常称为阳极氧化），铝、钛、铌、锌和钽等金属可以转化为具有特定孔隙率、厚度和表面形态的结构化氧化层。根据工艺参数和金属类型，这些方法能够制造出有序的纳米多孔阵列、纳米管和纳米线。本文综述介绍并概述了各种阳极氧化技术和参数。这一点至关重要，因为每种金属都需要特定的最佳条件才能获得稳定的阳极氧化层。本文综述概述了阳极氧化金属基体在设计和应用方面的最新进展，重点关注其在催化、传感、能量存储和生物医学工程中作为功能平台的作用。特别关注阳极氧化后的表面改性策略，如化学功能化、薄膜沉积和分子水平整合，这些策略显著扩展了这些材料的用途。本文综述还强调了阳极氧化技术面临的挑战、局限性和未来前景，旨在指导基于工程氧化物结构的下一代器件的合理设计。
