Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, 94805 Villejuif, France.
Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, CRESS, 75004 Paris, France.
Nutrients. 2022 Dec 28;15(1):146. doi: 10.3390/nu15010146.
We investigated the associations between maternal diet quality and allergic and respiratory diseases in children. Analyses were based on 1316 mother-child pairs from the EDEN mother-child cohort. Maternal diet quality during pregnancy was assessed through a food-based score (the Diet Quality), a nutrient-based score (the PANDiet), and the adherence to guidelines for main food groups. Clusters of allergic and respiratory multimorbidity clusters up to 8 years were identified using Latent Class Analysis. Associations were assessed by adjusted multinomial logistic regressions. Four clusters were identified for children: "asymptomatic" (67%, reference group), "asthma only" (14%), "allergies without asthma" (12%), "multi-allergic" (7%). These clusters were not associated with mother diet quality assessed by both scores. Children from mothers consuming legumes once a month or less were at higher risk of belonging to the "multi-allergic" cluster (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (95%CI)) = 1.60 (1.01;2.54)). No association was found with other food groups or other clusters. In our study, allergic and respiratory multimorbidity in children was described with four distinct clusters. Our results suggest an interest in legumes consumption in the prevention of allergic diseases but need to be confirmed in larger cohorts and randomized control trials.
我们研究了母亲饮食质量与儿童过敏和呼吸道疾病之间的关联。分析基于 EDEN 母婴队列中的 1316 对母婴。通过基于食物的评分（饮食质量）、基于营养素的评分（PANDiet）和对主要食物组指南的依从性来评估母亲怀孕期间的饮食质量。使用潜在类别分析确定 8 年内过敏和呼吸道多种疾病的聚类。通过调整后的多项逻辑回归评估关联。为儿童确定了四个聚类：“无症状”（67%，参考组）、“仅哮喘”（14%）、“无哮喘过敏”（12%）、“多过敏”（7%）。这些聚类与两种评分评估的母亲饮食质量无关。每月食用豆类一次或更少的母亲的孩子更有可能属于“多过敏”聚类（比值比（OR）（95%置信区间（95%CI））= 1.60（1.01；2.54））。与其他食物组或其他聚类没有关联。在我们的研究中，用四个不同的聚类描述了儿童的过敏和呼吸道多种疾病。我们的结果表明，豆类消费可能对预防过敏疾病有兴趣，但需要在更大的队列和随机对照试验中得到证实。
