Wu Xiao, Liu Xing, Zhang Shaoling, Zhou Yun
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jan 3;12(1):209. doi: 10.3390/plants12010209.
One of the most important questions in all multicellular organisms is how to define and maintain different cell fates during continuous cell division and proliferation. Plant meristems provide a unique research system to address this fundamental question because meristems dynamically maintain themselves and sustain organogenesis through balancing cell division and cell differentiation. Different from the gametophytes of seed plants that depend on their sporophytes and lack meristems, the gametophytes of seed-free ferns develop different types of meristems (including apical cell-based meristems and multicellular apical and marginal meristems) to promote independent growth and proliferation during the sexual gametophyte phase. Recent studies combining confocal time-lapse imaging and computational image analysis reveal the cellular basis of the initiation and proliferation of different types of meristems in fern gametophytes, providing new insights into the evolution of meristems in land plants. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the cell growth dynamics in fern gametophytes and discuss both conserved and diversified mechanisms underlying meristem cell proliferation in seed-free vascular plants.
在所有多细胞生物中，最重要的问题之一是如何在细胞持续分裂和增殖过程中定义和维持不同的细胞命运。植物分生组织提供了一个独特的研究系统来解决这个基本问题，因为分生组织通过平衡细胞分裂和细胞分化来动态维持自身并维持器官发生。与依赖孢子体且缺乏分生组织的种子植物配子体不同，无籽蕨类植物的配子体发育出不同类型的分生组织（包括基于顶端细胞的分生组织以及多细胞顶端和边缘分生组织），以在有性配子体阶段促进独立生长和增殖。最近结合共聚焦延时成像和计算图像分析的研究揭示了蕨类植物配子体中不同类型分生组织起始和增殖的细胞基础，为陆地植物分生组织的进化提供了新的见解。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在理解蕨类植物配子体细胞生长动态方面的最新进展，并讨论了无籽维管植物分生组织细胞增殖背后保守和多样化的机制。
