Binsaeedu Abdullah S, Bajaber Abubakr O, Muqrad Aiman G, Alendijani Yaser A, Alkhenizan Hamad A, Alsulaiman Thamer A, Alkhenizan Abdullah H
Medical Student, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Family Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Oct;11(10):6433-6437. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_933_22. Epub 2022 Oct 31.
Herpes zoster (HZ), or shingles, is one of the most common infectious diseases. HZ can be associated with other diseases, such as cancer and immunocompromised conditions. Thus, early recognition of the disease characteristics and clinical manifestations is critical to decrease the disease burden and to avoid further complications.
To assess the epidemiology of HZ disease, its clinical manifestations, coexisting and post-existing conditions, complications, and management among patients in a primary care setting.
This was a retrospective, single-armed, cohort study. Data of all patients diagnosed with HZ, aged 18 years and older, who visited the Family Medicine Department at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center from January 2014 to August 2021 were reviewed from their medical records. All data analyses were performed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software, version 20.0.
A total of 330 cases were included over the study period. The male-to-female ratio was 1:2, with a higher occurrence of HZ (44.5%) in those aged ≥ 50 years. Only 4.5% of the patients were recipients of zoster vaccines. Thoracic dermatome was the most affected dermatome (38%). The most common coexisting disease was diabetes (21.5%). The most common post-existing disease was cardiovascular disease (3%), and the most common complication was postherpetic neuralgia (15.2%). Suboptimal dosage of acyclovir was the most commonly used treatment for HZ infections (69.7%).
Zoster vaccination uptake was low. A national program for adult vaccination, including zoster vaccination, should be developed, and a guideline to direct primary health-care professionals in the management of HZ infections should be implemented.
带状疱疹（HZ），即俗称的“缠腰龙”，是最常见的传染病之一。HZ可能与其他疾病相关，如癌症和免疫功能低下的状况。因此，早期识别该疾病的特征和临床表现对于减轻疾病负担和避免进一步并发症至关重要。
评估初级保健机构中患者的HZ疾病流行病学、临床表现、并存及病后状况、并发症和治疗情况。
这是一项回顾性、单臂队列研究。对2014年1月至2021年8月期间在费萨尔国王专科医院和研究中心家庭医学科就诊的所有18岁及以上被诊断为HZ的患者的病历数据进行了回顾。所有数据分析均使用IBM社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）统计软件20.0版进行。
在研究期间共纳入330例病例。男女比例为1:2，HZ在≥50岁人群中的发生率较高（44.5%）。只有4.5%的患者接种了带状疱疹疫苗。胸部皮节是受影响最严重的皮节（38%）。最常见的并存疾病是糖尿病（21.5%）。最常见的病后疾病是心血管疾病（3%），最常见的并发症是带状疱疹后神经痛（15.2%）。阿昔洛韦剂量不足是HZ感染最常用的治疗方法（69.7%）。
带状疱疹疫苗接种率较低。应制定一项包括带状疱疹疫苗接种在内的成人疫苗接种国家计划，并实施一项指导初级卫生保健专业人员管理HZ感染的指南。
