Dorotea Oroši Končić, Ivšićev prilaz 9, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia,
Croat Med J. 2020 Oct 31;61(5):401-409. doi: 10.3325/cmj.2020.61.401.
To evaluate the clinical characteristics of adult and adolescent Croatian patients hospitalized for herpes zoster over a period of 21 years in the largest national center for infectious diseases (catchment area approximately 25% of the Croatian population).
This retrospective chart review included all patients older than 15 years hospitalized for herpes zoster at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr. Fran Mihaljević" between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 2016.
The study enrolled 1755 patients (uniform annual hospitalizations), 50% of whom suffered from complicated forms of herpes zoster, mostly generalized zoster (22.0%), infected lesions (14.8%), and meningitis/encephalitis (10.4%). A low percentage of patients experienced Ramsey-Hunt syndrome (3.0%), keratitis (1.5%), and visceral dissemination (0.2%). The majority of patients were older than 55 years (80%, median 70 years). Overall, 61.6% of patients suffered from at least one comorbidity (most frequent: diabetes 14.6%, cardiovascular incidents 24.4%, malignancy 13.0%, other infection 12.9%), and 28.2% suffered from ≥2 comorbidities. All-cause in-hospital mortality was 0.9%. The proportion of patients with any complicated form and of patients with meningitis/encephalitis steadily decreased over time, while the proportion of patients with comorbidities increased. This coincided also with steadily increasing age. No association was observed between comorbidities and complicated forms of zoster. Pharmacological immunosuppression was associated with generalized zoster; younger age was associated with meningitis/encephalitis; and older age was associated with generalized zoster and infected lesions.
The patients most frequently hospitalized for herpes zoster are elderly people burdened with comorbidities, not necessarily patients with complicated forms of the disease.
评估在 21 年间克罗地亚最大的传染病国家中心（约占克罗地亚人口的 25%）住院的成人和青少年带状疱疹患者的临床特征。
这项回顾性图表研究纳入了 1996 年 1 月 1 日至 2016 年 12 月 31 日期间在传染病大学医院“Dr. Fran Mihaljević”因带状疱疹住院的年龄大于 15 岁的所有患者。
该研究纳入了 1755 例患者（每年平均住院人数），其中 50%患有带状疱疹的复杂形式，主要是全身性带状疱疹（22.0%）、感染性病变（14.8%）和脑膜炎/脑炎（10.4%）。只有少数患者出现拉姆齐-亨特综合征（3.0%）、角膜炎（1.5%）和内脏播散（0.2%）。大多数患者年龄大于 55 岁（80%，中位数为 70 岁）。总体而言，61.6%的患者至少患有一种合并症（最常见的是糖尿病 14.6%、心血管事件 24.4%、恶性肿瘤 13.0%、其他感染 12.9%），28.2%的患者患有≥2 种合并症。全因院内死亡率为 0.9%。患有任何复杂形式和患有脑膜炎/脑炎的患者比例随着时间的推移逐渐下降，而患有合并症的患者比例增加。这也与年龄的稳步增长相对应。未观察到合并症与带状疱疹的复杂形式之间存在相关性。药物免疫抑制与全身性带状疱疹相关；年龄较小与脑膜炎/脑炎相关；年龄较大与全身性带状疱疹和感染性病变相关。
最常因带状疱疹住院的患者是患有合并症的老年人，不一定是患有疾病复杂形式的患者。
