Ojemaye Cecilia Y, Pampanin Daniela M, Sydnes Magne O, Green Lesley, Petrik Leslie
Environmental and Nano Science Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Technology, University of Stavanger, N. O. 4036 Stavanger, Norway.
Heliyon. 2022 Dec 24;8(12):e12625. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12625. eCollection 2022 Dec.
The presence and levels of fifteen chemicals of emerging concerns, including five perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), two industrial chemicals, seven pharmaceuticals and one personal care product, were evaluated in biota, seawater and sediments obtained from near-shore coastal zone in Camps Bay, Cape Town, South Africa. Eight compounds were found in seawater, and between nine to twelve compounds were quantified in marine invertebrates, sediment and seaweed. Diclofenac was the prevalent pharmaceutical with a maximum concentration of 2.86 ng/L in seawater, ≥110.9 ng/g dry weight (dw) in sediments and ≥67.47 ng/g dw in marine biotas. Among PFCs, perfluoroheptanoic acid was predominant in seawater (0.21-0.46 ng/L). Accumulation of perfluorodecanoic acid (764 ng/g dw) as well as perfluorononanoic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid (504.52 and 597.04 ng/g dw, respectively) was highest in samples of seaweed. The environmental risk assessment carried out in this study showed that although individual pollutants pose a low acute and chronic risk, yet individual compounds each had a high bioaccumulation factor in diverse marine species, and their combination as a complex mixture in marine organisms might have adverse effects upon aquatic organisms. Data revealed that this Atlantic Ocean marine protected environment is affected by the presence of numerous and diverse emerging contaminants that could only have originated from sewage discharges. The complex mixture of persistent chemicals found bioaccumulating in marine organisms could bode ill for the propagation and survival of marine protected species, since many of these compounds are known toxicants.
对从南非开普敦坎普斯湾近岸沿海区域采集的生物群、海水和沉积物中的15种新出现的关注化学品进行了评估，其中包括5种全氟化合物（PFCs）、2种工业化学品、7种药物和1种个人护理产品。海水中发现了8种化合物，在海洋无脊椎动物、沉积物和海藻中检测到9至12种化合物。双氯芬酸是最常见的药物，海水中的最高浓度为2.86 ng/L，沉积物中≥110.9 ng/g干重（dw），海洋生物群中≥67.47 ng/g dw。在全氟化合物中，全氟庚酸在海水中占主导地位（0.21 - 0.46 ng/L）。全氟癸酸（764 ng/g dw）以及全氟壬酸和全氟辛酸（分别为504.52和597.04 ng/g dw）在海藻样本中的积累量最高。本研究进行的环境风险评估表明，尽管单个污染物的急性和慢性风险较低，但每种化合物在不同海洋物种中都有较高的生物累积因子，它们在海洋生物中作为复杂混合物的组合可能对水生生物产生不利影响。数据显示，这个大西洋海洋保护区受到大量不同新出现污染物的影响，这些污染物只能来自污水排放。在海洋生物中发现生物累积的持久性化学物质的复杂混合物可能对海洋保护物种的繁殖和生存不利，因为其中许多化合物是已知的有毒物质。
