Cui Jie, Zhang Yanhe, Liu Lin, Zhang Qirui, Xu Shiwen, Guo Meng-Yao
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, People's Republic of China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Feb;251:114539. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114539. Epub 2023 Jan 12.
Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) affect the immune defense function on carp (Cyprinus carpio). The PS-MPs model of carp was established by feeding with PS-MPs particle size of 8 µm and concentration of 1000 ng/L water. Hepatopancreas function test revealed the activities of AKP, ALT, AST and LDH abnormal increase. PS-MPs induced tissue damage and lead to abnormal hepatopancreas function. The PS-MPs also induced a oxidative stress with the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, and T-AOC activities decreasing and reactive oxygen species (ROS) excessive accumulation. PS-MPs activated the Toll like receptor-2 (TLR2) signaling pathway. The mRNA and protein expressions of TLR2, Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), NF-κB p65, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS), and cycooxygenase 2(COX2) was revealed increased in both hepatopancreas and hepatocytes with the qPCR and Western blotting analysis mode. ELISA showed the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, and COX2 inflammatory molecule were increased in both hepatopancreas and hepatocytes. The results showed that PS-MPs caused a serious injure in the hepatopancreas and brought serious effects on the inflammatory response of carp. The present study displayed the harm caused by PS-MPs in freshwater fish, and provided some suggestions and references for toxicological studies of microplastics in freshwater environment.
聚苯乙烯微塑料（PS-MPs）影响鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）的免疫防御功能。通过投喂粒径为8微米、浓度为1000纳克/升水的PS-MPs建立鲤鱼的PS-MPs模型。肝胰腺功能测试显示碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的活性异常增加。PS-MPs诱导组织损伤并导致肝胰腺功能异常。PS-MPs还诱导了氧化应激，抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）的活性降低，活性氧（ROS）过度积累。PS-MPs激活了Toll样受体2（TLR2）信号通路。通过实时定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）和蛋白质免疫印迹分析模式显示，肝胰腺和肝细胞中TLR2、髓样分化初级反应蛋白88（MyD88）、肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6（TRAF6）、核因子κB p65、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和环氧化酶2（COX2）的mRNA和蛋白质表达均增加。酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）显示，肝胰腺和肝细胞中TNF-α、IL-1β、iNOS和COX2炎症分子的表达均增加。结果表明，PS-MPs对鲤鱼肝胰腺造成严重损伤，并对其炎症反应产生严重影响。本研究揭示了PS-MPs对淡水鱼的危害，为淡水环境中微塑料的毒理学研究提供了一些建议和参考。
