Mishra Shweta, Prabhakar Bala, Kharkar Prashant S, Pethe Anil M
Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai400056, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai400019, India.
ACS Omega. 2022 Dec 28;8(1):1140-1145. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06571. eCollection 2023 Jan 10.
Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) has gained attention due to its versatile properties such as biocompatibility, sustainability, high aspect ratio, and abundance of -OH groups that favor modifications of NCC. The objective of this paper is to develop NCC by extracting and characterizing NCC prepared from banana peel powder (BPP). BPP was subjected to alkali and bleaching treatment to remove lignin and hemicellulose and then subjected to acid hydrolysis to prepare NCC. Under optimal conditions (200 mL of sulfuric acid 55% v/v at 50 °C for 60 min), the NCC yield was found to be 29.9%. The particle size and zeta potential of the NCC were found to be 209 nm and -43 mV, respectively. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed successful removal of lignin and hemicellulose from BPP after the alkali treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. Field emission scanning electron microscopy showed needle-shaped crystals and transmission electron microscopy showed particles in the nano range. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the crystallinity index of NCC was 64.12% while keeping the cellulose I crystal structure intact. Thermogravimetric analysis showed good stability which paves way for NCC to be explored for various applications. All the parameters evaluated indicated that NCC was successfully prepared from BPP using alkali treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis.
纳米晶纤维素（NCC）因其具有生物相容性、可持续性、高长径比以及大量有利于NCC改性的-OH基团等多种特性而受到关注。本文的目的是通过提取和表征由香蕉皮粉末（BPP）制备的NCC来开发NCC。对BPP进行碱处理和漂白处理以去除木质素和半纤维素，然后进行酸水解以制备NCC。在最佳条件下（50℃时200 mL 55% v/v的硫酸，反应60分钟），发现NCC的产率为29.9%。发现NCC的粒径和zeta电位分别为209 nm和-43 mV。衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱表明，经过碱处理、漂白和酸水解后，BPP中的木质素和半纤维素被成功去除。场发射扫描电子显微镜显示出针状晶体，透射电子显微镜显示出纳米级的颗粒。X射线衍射分析表明，NCC的结晶度指数为64.12%，同时保持纤维素I晶体结构完整。热重分析显示出良好的稳定性，这为NCC在各种应用中的探索铺平了道路。所有评估参数均表明，使用碱处理、漂白和酸水解成功地从BPP制备了NCC。
