School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.
Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University, Belihuloya, 70140, Sri Lanka.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Mar 1;320:121077. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121077. Epub 2023 Jan 13.
Beryllium (Be) is a relatively rare element and occurs naturally in the Earth's crust, in coal, and in various minerals. Beryllium is used as an alloy with other metals in aerospace, electronics and mechanical industries. The major emission sources to the atmosphere are the combustion of coal and fossil fuels and the incineration of municipal solid waste. In soils and natural waters, the majority of Be is sorbed to soil particles and sediments. The majority of contamination occurs through atmospheric deposition of Be on aboveground plant parts. Beryllium and its compounds are toxic to humans and are grouped as carcinogens. The general public is exposed to Be through inhalation of air and the consumption of Be-contaminated food and drinking water. Immobilization of Be in soil and groundwater using organic and inorganic amendments reduces the bioavailability and mobility of Be, thereby limiting the transfer into the food chain. Mobilization of Be in soil using chelating agents facilitates their removal through soil washing and plant uptake. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the sources, geochemistry, health hazards, remediation practices, and current regulatory mandates of Be contamination in complex environmental settings, including soil and aquatic ecosystems.
铍（Be）是一种相对稀有的元素，自然存在于地壳、煤炭和各种矿物质中。铍被用作航空航天、电子和机械工业中与其他金属的合金。大气中的主要排放源是煤和化石燃料的燃烧以及城市固体废物的焚烧。在土壤和天然水中，大部分铍被吸附在土壤颗粒和沉积物上。大多数污染是通过大气沉积在地上植物部分上的铍造成的。铍及其化合物对人类有毒，并被归类为致癌物。公众通过吸入空气、食用受铍污染的食物和饮用水接触铍。使用有机和无机改良剂固定土壤和地下水中的铍，可降低铍的生物利用度和迁移性，从而限制其进入食物链。使用螯合剂使土壤中的铍移动，可通过土壤清洗和植物吸收来去除。本文综述了在复杂环境（包括土壤和水生生态系统）中，铍污染的来源、地球化学、健康危害、修复实践以及当前监管要求的最新认识。
