Mkaouer Bessem, Akkari-Ghazouani Hounaida, Amara Samiha, Bouguezzi Raja, Jemni Monèm, Chaabene Helmi
Department of Individual Sports, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, Manouba University, Manouba 2010, Tunisia.
Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sport Performance Optimization", National Centre of Medicine and Science in Sport, Tunis 1004, Tunisia.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2023 Jan 13;8(1):10. doi: 10.3390/jfmk8010010.
The crucial criteria when assessing technical performance in artistic gymnastics is the higher elevation of the gymnast's body and a stable landing (i.e., stick-landing). The purpose of this study was to compare kinetic and kinematic parameters during the landing phase of standing back somersaults (SBS) following three technical arm-swing performed during the preparatory phase in high-level male gymnasts. The three different arm-swing pertain to three "gymnastics schools", i.e., Russian, Chinese, and Romanian. Six high-level male gymnasts participated in this study. Three arm-swing with different angles (i.e., SBS, SBS, and SBS) were randomly performed. A 3D kinetic and kinematic analysis was conducted. Results showed significant variation in the landing angle ( = 0.009) across the three arm-swing techniques. The SBS arm-swing resulted in the closest angle to the vertical. Additionally, the SBS arm-swing technique induced the lowest horizontal and vertical force values upon landing compared to the other arm-swing techniques (SBS: = 0.023 and 0.009, respectively; SBS: = 0.004 and 0.080, respectively). The same was noted for the horizontal velocity ( = 0.021) with the lowest values noted for the SBS arm-swing technique. However, the best opening angle was observed during the SBS technique, since it presented the best vertical displacement. In conclusion, the SBS with a SBS arm-swing seems to favor a better absorption of the ground reaction force upon landing by reducing the intensity of the impact with the ground and by affording a landing angle closer to the vertical in high-level male gymnasts.
在艺术体操中评估技术表现的关键标准是体操运动员身体的更高腾空高度和稳定落地（即立定落地）。本研究的目的是比较高水平男性体操运动员在准备阶段采用三种不同技术摆臂后进行后空翻立定落地阶段的动力学和运动学参数。这三种不同的摆臂方式分别属于三种“体操流派”，即俄罗斯流派、中国流派和罗马尼亚流派。六名高水平男性体操运动员参与了本研究。随机进行三种不同角度的摆臂（即SBS、SBS和SBS）。进行了三维动力学和运动学分析。结果显示，三种摆臂技术的落地角度存在显著差异（=0.009）。SBS摆臂方式产生的角度最接近垂直方向。此外，与其他摆臂技术相比，SBS摆臂技术在落地时产生的水平和垂直力值最低（SBS：分别为=0.023和0.009；SBS：分别为=0.004和0.080）。水平速度方面也有相同情况（=0.021），SBS摆臂技术的水平速度值最低。然而，在SBS技术过程中观察到最佳的打开角度，因为它呈现出最佳的垂直位移。总之，在高水平男性体操运动员中，采用SBS摆臂方式的后空翻似乎有利于在落地时更好地吸收地面反作用力，通过降低与地面碰撞的强度并提供更接近垂直的落地角度。
