Centre for Physical Activity Across the Lifespan, School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
Sports Biomech. 2012 Sep;11(3):324-41. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2011.650186.
Targeted injury prevention strategies, based on biomechanical analyses, have the potential to help reduce the incidence and severity of gymnastics injuries. This review outlines the potential benefits of biomechanics research to contribute to injury prevention strategies for women's artistic gymnastics by identification of mechanisms of injury and quantification of the effects of injury risk factors. One hundred and twenty-three articles were retained for review after searching electronic databases using key words, including 'gymnastic', 'biomech*', and 'inj*', and delimiting by language and relevance to the paper aim. Impact load can be measured biomechanically by the use of instrumented equipment (e.g. beatboard), instrumentation on the gymnast (accelerometers), or by landings on force plates. We need further information on injury mechanisms and risk factors in gymnastics and practical methods of monitoring training loads. We have not yet shown, beyond a theoretical approach, how biomechanical analysis of gymnastics can help reduce injury risk through injury prevention interventions. Given the high magnitude of impact load, both acute and accumulative, coaches should monitor impact loads per training session, taking into consideration training quality and quantity such as the control of rotation and the height from which the landings are executed.
基于生物力学分析的目标性损伤预防策略，有可能有助于降低体操损伤的发生率和严重程度。本综述概述了生物力学研究对女子艺术体操损伤预防策略的潜在贡献，通过确定损伤机制和量化损伤风险因素的影响来实现。通过使用关键词（包括“体操”、“生物力学”和“损伤”）在电子数据库中进行搜索，并通过语言和与论文目的的相关性进行限制，检索到 123 篇文章进行综述。冲击负荷可以通过使用仪器设备（如测力板）、对体操运动员进行仪器测量（加速度计）或在力量板上进行着陆来进行生物力学测量。我们需要进一步了解体操损伤机制和风险因素，以及监测训练负荷的实用方法。除了理论方法之外，我们还没有表明，通过损伤预防干预，对体操进行生物力学分析如何有助于降低损伤风险。鉴于冲击负荷的高幅度，无论是急性的还是累积的，教练都应该监测每次训练的冲击负荷，同时考虑到训练质量和数量，如旋转控制和着陆高度。
