Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Slovenia.
Biol Sport. 2013 Mar;30(1):29-33. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1029818. Epub 2013 Jan 21.
In gymnastics every exercise finishes with a landing. The quality of landing depends on subjective (e.g. biomechanical) and objective (e.g. mechanical characteristics of landing area) factors. The aim of our research was to determine which biomechanical (temporal, kinematic and dynamic) characteristics of landing best predict the quality of landing. Twelve male gymnasts performed a stretched forward and backward salto; also with 1/2, 1/1 and 3/2 turns. Stepwise multiple regression extracted five predictors which explained 51.5% of landing quality variance. All predictors were defining asymmetries between legs (velocities, angles). To avoid asymmetric landings, gymnasts need to develop enough height; they need higher angular momentum around the transverse and longitudinal axis and they need to better control angular velocity in the longitudinal axis.
在体操中，每个动作都以落地结束。落地的质量取决于主观（例如生物力学）和客观（例如着陆区域的机械特性）因素。我们研究的目的是确定哪些生物力学（时间、运动学和动力学）着陆特征可以最好地预测着陆质量。十二名男性体操运动员进行了伸展向前和向后的空翻；还进行了 1/2、1/1 和 3/2 转体。逐步多元回归提取了五个可以解释 51.5%着陆质量方差的预测因子。所有的预测因子都定义了腿部之间的不对称（速度、角度）。为了避免不对称着陆，体操运动员需要发展足够的高度；他们需要更高的绕横向和纵向轴的角动量，并且需要更好地控制纵向轴的角速度。
