Siddiqui Zarreena, Grohmann Elisabeth, Malik Abdul
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
Berliner Hochschule für Technik, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Seestraße 64, 13347, Berlin, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2023 Mar;317:137886. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137886. Epub 2023 Jan 16.
Petroleum hydrocarbon is a critical ecological issue with impact on ecosystems through bioaccumulation. It poses significant risks to human health. Due to the extent of alkane hydrocarbon pollution in some environments, biosurfactants are considered as a new multifunctional technology for the efficient removal of petroleum-based contaminants. To this end, Yamuna river sediments were collected at different sites in the vicinity of Mathura oil refinery, UP (India). They were analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for heavy metals and organic pollutants. Heptadecane, nonadecane, oleic acid ester and phthalic acid were detected. In total 107 bacteria were isolated from the sediments and screened for biosurfactant production. The most efficient biosurfactant producing strain was tested for its capability to degrade hexadecane efficiently at different time intervals (0 h, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d). FT-IR analysis defined the biosurfactant as lipopeptide. 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified the bacterium as Priestia megaterium. The strain lacks resistance to common antibiotics thus making it an important candidate for remediation. The microbial consortia present in the sediments were also investigated for their capability to degrade C, C and C alkane hydrocarbons. By using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry the metabolites were identified as 1-docosanol, dodecanoic acid, 7-hexadecenal, (Z)-, hexadecanoic acid, docosanoic acid, 1-hexacosanal, 9-octadecenoic acid, 3-octanone, Z,Z-6,28-heptatriactontadien-2-one, heptacosyl pentafluoropropionate, 1,30-triacontanediol and decyl octadecyl ester. Oxidative stress in Vigna radiata L. roots was observed by using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. A strong reduction in seed germination and radicle and plumule length was observed when Vigna radiata L. was treated with different concentrations of sediment extracts, possibly due to the toxic effects of the pollutants in the river sediments. Thus, this study is significant since it considers the toxicological effects of hydrocarbons and to degrade them in an environmentally friendly manner.
石油烃是一个关键的生态问题，它通过生物累积对生态系统产生影响，对人类健康构成重大风险。由于某些环境中烷烃污染的程度，生物表面活性剂被视为一种高效去除石油基污染物的新型多功能技术。为此，在印度北方邦马图拉炼油厂附近的不同地点采集了亚穆纳河沉积物。通过原子吸收分光光度法和气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）对沉积物中的重金属和有机污染物进行了分析，检测到了十七烷、十九烷、油酸酯和邻苯二甲酸。从沉积物中总共分离出107株细菌，并筛选其生物表面活性剂的产生情况。对产生物表面活性剂效率最高的菌株在不同时间间隔（0小时、7天、14天和21天）降解十六烷的能力进行了测试。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT - IR）分析将生物表面活性剂定义为脂肽。16S rRNA基因测序确定该细菌为巨大Priestia菌。该菌株对常见抗生素缺乏抗性，因此使其成为修复的重要候选菌株。还研究了沉积物中存在的微生物群落降解C、C和C烷烃的能力。通过气相色谱 - 质谱分光光度法，将代谢产物鉴定为1 - 二十二烷醇、十二烷酸、7 - 十六碳烯醛、（Z） - 、十六烷酸、二十二烷酸、1 - 二十六醛、9 - 十八碳烯酸、3 - 辛酮、Z，Z - 6，28 - 三十七碳三烯 - 2 - 酮、二十七烷基五氟丙酸酯、1，30 - 三十烷二醇和癸基十八烷基酯。通过共聚焦激光扫描显微镜观察了绿豆根中的氧化应激。当用不同浓度的沉积物提取物处理绿豆时，观察到种子萌发以及胚根和胚芽长度显著降低，这可能是由于河流沉积物中污染物的毒性作用。因此，本研究具有重要意义，因为它考虑了碳氢化合物的毒理学效应并以环境友好的方式对其进行降解。
