比较 SARS-CoV-2 核衣壳蛋白抗体在医护人员和未经选择的成年和儿科所有患者人群中的流行率：来自奥地利一所学术医学中心对医护人员进行的纵向研究和对患者进行的同期系列横断面研究的结果。
Comparison of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein antibodies in healthcare workers and an unselected adult and paediatric all-comer patient population: insights from a longitudinal study of healthcare workers and concurrent serial cross-sectional studies of patients at an academic medical centre in Austria.
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2023 Jan 18;13(1):e063760. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063760.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to estimate and compare the prevalence of the virus-specific antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein antigen (anti-SARS-CoV-2 N) in healthcare workers and an all-comer paediatric and adult patient population.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A longitudinal study enrolling healthcare professionals and concurrent serial cross-sectional studies of unselected all-comer patients were conducted at an Austrian academic medical centre. Healthcare workers were tested at enrolment and after 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months. The cross-sectional studies in patients were conducted at three time periods, which roughly coincided with the times after the first, second and third wave of SARS-CoV-2 in Austria (ie, 24 August-7 September 2020; 8-22 February 2021 and 9-23 November 2021). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 N antibodies were measured using a sandwich electrochemiluminescence assay (Roche).
RESULTS
In total, 2735 and 9275 samples were measured in 812 healthcare workers (median age: 40 years, 78% female) and 8451 patients (median age: 55 years, 52% female), respectively. Over the entire study period, anti-SARS-CoV-2 N antibodies were detected in 98 of 812 healthcare workers, resulting in a seroprevalence of 12.1% (95% CI 10.0% to 14.5%), which did not differ significantly (p=0.63) from that of the all-comer patient population at the end of the study period (407/3184; 12.8%, 95% CI 11.7% to 14.0%). The seroprevalence between healthcare workers and patients did not differ significantly at any time and was 1.5-fold to 2-fold higher than the number of confirmed cases in Austria throughout the pandemic. In particular, there was no significant difference in the seroprevalence between paediatric and adult patients at any of the tested time periods.
CONCLUSION
Throughout the pandemic, healthcare staff and an adult and paediatric all-comer patient population had similar exposure to SARS-CoV-2.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04407429.
目的
本研究旨在评估和比较针对 SARS-CoV-2 核蛋白抗原（抗-SARS-CoV-2 N）的病毒特异性抗体在医护人员和所有成年及儿科患者人群中的流行率。
设计、地点和参与者：一项纵向研究在奥地利一所学术医学中心招募医护人员，并同时进行非选择性所有成年患者的系列横断面研究。医护人员在入组时以及第 1、2、3、6 和 12 个月时接受检测。患者的横断面研究分三个时间段进行，大致与奥地利 SARS-CoV-2 的第一、第二和第三波时间相对应（即 2020 年 8 月 24 日至 9 月 7 日；2021 年 2 月 8 日至 22 日；2021 年 11 月 9 日至 23 日）。使用夹心电化学发光测定法（罗氏）测量抗-SARS-CoV-2 N 抗体。
结果
在 812 名医护人员（中位年龄：40 岁，78%为女性）和 8451 名患者（中位年龄：55 岁，52%为女性）中，共测量了 2735 份和 9275 份样本。在整个研究期间，812 名医护人员中有 98 人检测到抗-SARS-CoV-2 N 抗体，血清阳性率为 12.1%（95%CI 10.0%至 14.5%），与研究结束时所有成年患者人群（407/3184；12.8%，95%CI 11.7%至 14.0%）的血清阳性率无显著差异（p=0.63）。在任何时间，医护人员和患者的血清阳性率均无显著差异，且整个大流行期间的血清阳性率均是奥地利确诊病例数的 1.5 至 2 倍。特别是，在所有测试时间段内，儿科和成年患者之间的血清阳性率均无显著差异。
结论
在整个大流行期间，医护人员和成年及儿科所有成年患者人群接触 SARS-CoV-2 的情况相似。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT04407429。
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