Han Nana, Liu Kai, Zhang Xinping, Wang Meng, Du Pan, Huang Zhaohui, Zhou Daojin, Zhang Qian, Gao Tengfei, Jia Yin, Luo Liang, Wang Jianjun, Sun Xiaoming
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Sci Bull (Beijing). 2019 Mar 30;64(6):391-399. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.03.008. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
Solar-powered desalination is a promising way to resolve the worldwide water crisis for its low consumption and simple facility. Considering the fragility and aggregations of traditional materials, which may decrease efficiency, we herein introduce a robust tungsten carbide (WC) nanoarray film as a stable and efficient photothermal material, whose absorption is over 97.5% throughout almost the whole solar spectrum range (220-2200 nm) due to nanoarray structure and thus enhanced localized surface plasmon resonance. Besides, for the first time, we modified the film with sandwich wettability. It accelerates evaporation by reducing water's reflection of light, enlarging hydrophobic-hydrophilic boundaries, and depressing heat dissipation. Combining high absorption with unique wettability, the WC nanoarray film offers high solar-to-vapor efficiency of 90.8% and produces drinking water at the rate of (1.06 ± 0.10) kg m h from man-made seawater and (0.98 ± 0.18) kg m h from heavy metal sewage under one sun (AM 1.5) while 98% performance remains after 1 h × 100 times' reutilization.
太阳能驱动的海水淡化因其低能耗和设备简单，是解决全球水危机的一种很有前景的方法。考虑到传统材料的易碎性和聚集性可能会降低效率，我们在此引入一种坚固的碳化钨（WC）纳米阵列薄膜作为一种稳定且高效的光热材料，由于其纳米阵列结构，在几乎整个太阳光谱范围（220 - 2200纳米）内其吸收率超过97.5%，从而增强了局部表面等离子体共振。此外，我们首次对该薄膜进行了三明治润湿性改性。它通过减少水对光的反射、扩大疏水 - 亲水边界以及抑制散热来加速蒸发。结合高吸收率和独特的润湿性，WC纳米阵列薄膜的太阳能 - 蒸汽效率高达90.8%，在一个太阳（AM 1.5）照射下，从人造海水中产水速率为（1.06 ± 0.10）千克·平方米·小时，从重金属污水中为（0.98 ± 0.18）千克·平方米·小时，并且在1小时×100次重复使用后仍保持98%的性能。
