Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
BIOGEM, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy.
Mar Drugs. 2022 Dec 28;21(1):24. doi: 10.3390/md21010024.
In recent years, the study of anticancer bioactive compounds from marine sources has received wide interest. Contextually, world regulatory authorities have approved several marine molecules, and new synthetic derivatives have also been synthesized and structurally improved for the treatment of numerous forms of cancer. However, the administration of drugs in cancer patients requires careful evaluation since their interaction with individual biological macromolecules, such as proteins or nucleic acids, determines variable downstream effects. This is reflected in a constant search for personalized therapies that lay the foundations of modern medicine. The new knowledge acquired on cancer mechanisms has certainly allowed advancements in tumor prevention, but unfortunately, due to the huge complexity and heterogeneity of cancer, we are still looking for a definitive therapy and clinical approaches. In this review, we discuss the significance of recently approved molecules originating from the marine environment, starting from their organism of origin to their structure and mechanism of action. Subsequently, these bio-compounds are used as models to illustrate possible bioinformatics approaches for the search of new targets that are useful for improving the knowledge on anticancer therapies.
近年来，从海洋来源中研究抗癌生物活性化合物受到了广泛关注。相应地，世界监管机构已经批准了几种海洋分子，并且还合成了新的合成衍生物，并对其进行了结构改进，以治疗多种形式的癌症。然而，在癌症患者中给药需要仔细评估，因为它们与个体生物大分子（如蛋白质或核酸）的相互作用决定了可变的下游效应。这反映在对个性化治疗的不断探索中，个性化治疗为现代医学奠定了基础。对癌症机制的新认识无疑促进了肿瘤预防的进展，但不幸的是，由于癌症的巨大复杂性和异质性，我们仍在寻找一种明确的治疗方法和临床方法。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最近从海洋环境中获得的分子的重要性，从它们的起源生物到它们的结构和作用机制。随后，这些生物化合物被用作模型，以说明寻找新靶点的可能生物信息学方法，这些新靶点有助于提高对抗癌疗法的认识。
