Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China.
Small. 2023 Apr;19(14):e2206044. doi: 10.1002/smll.202206044. Epub 2023 Jan 20.
For a long time, optical imaging of the deep brain with high resolution has been a challenge. Recently, with the advance in second near-infrared (NIR-II) bioimaging techniques and imaging contrast agents, NIR-II window bioimaging has attracted great attention to monitoring deeper biological or pathophysiological processes with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatiotemporal resolution. Assisted with NIR-II bioimaging, the modulation of structure and function of brain is promising to be noninvasive and more precise. Herein, in this review, first the advantage of NIR-II light in brain imaging from the interaction between NIR-II and tissue is elaborated. Then, several specific NIR-II bioimaging technologies are introduced, including NIR-II fluorescence imaging, multiphoton fluorescence imaging, and photoacoustic imaging. Furthermore, the corresponding contrast agents are summarized. Next, the application of various NIR-II bioimaging technologies in visualizing the characteristics of cerebrovascular network and monitoring the changes of the pathology signals will be presented. After that, the modulation of brain structure and function based on NIR-II bioimaging will be discussed, including treatment of glioblastoma, guidance of cell transplantation, and neuromodulation. In the end, future perspectives that would help improve the clinical translation of NIR-II light are proposed.
长期以来，高分辨率的大脑光学成像是一个挑战。最近，随着近红外二区（NIR-II）生物成像技术和成像对比剂的进步，NIR-II 窗口生物成像吸引了人们的极大关注，可实现具有高信噪比（SNR）和时空分辨率的更深层次生物或病理生理过程的监测。在 NIR-II 生物成像的辅助下，对大脑的结构和功能的调控有望实现非侵入性和更精确。在此，在这篇综述中，首先阐述了 NIR-II 光与组织相互作用在大脑成像中的优势。然后，介绍了几种特定的 NIR-II 生物成像技术，包括 NIR-II 荧光成像、多光子荧光成像和光声成像。此外，还总结了相应的对比剂。接下来，将展示各种 NIR-II 生物成像技术在可视化脑血管网络特征和监测病理信号变化中的应用。之后，将讨论基于 NIR-II 生物成像的大脑结构和功能的调控，包括治疗神经胶质瘤、细胞移植的指导和神经调节。最后，提出了有助于提高 NIR-II 光临床转化的未来展望。
