Division of Health Professions Education, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
Medical Education Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Pattimura University, Ambon, Maluku 97233, Indonesia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 12;20(2):1435. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021435.
Indonesia, one of the Asia Pacific low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), has suffered from a chronic medical workforce shortage. However, there are limited published studies describing the approaches implemented by the Indonesian government regarding the recruitment and retention of the medical workforce. This case study aimed to understand the current practices for recruitment and retention of the medical workforce in Indonesian rural and remote provinces. We conducted a case study of the Maluku Province of Indonesia with a document analysis and key informant interviews with officials responsible for medical workforce recruitment and retention. We used the World Health Organization's (WHO) guidelines as an analytical matrix to examine the recruitment and retention practices under the four domains of (i) educational, (ii) regulatory, (iii) financial, and (iv) professional and personal development and classified them into either University/Medical School level or Government/Non-government level. Our findings suggest that Indonesia implemented most of the WHO-recommended medical workforce recruitment and retention strategies. However, implementation is still problematic; hence, the aim of establishing an adequate, sustainable medical workforce has not been reached. Nationwide government intervention in educational aspects is important to magnify the impact of regional medical school initiatives. Relevant programmes must be re-evaluated and re-enforced concerning significance, comprehensiveness, and effectiveness for a sustainable rural and remote medical workforce.
印度尼西亚是亚太地区中低收入国家（LMICs）之一，长期面临着医疗劳动力短缺的问题。然而，关于印尼政府在招聘和留住医疗劳动力方面所采取的方法，目前发表的研究有限。本案例研究旨在了解印度尼西亚农村和偏远省份招聘和留住医疗劳动力的现状。我们对印度尼西亚马鲁古省进行了案例研究，通过对负责医疗劳动力招聘和留用的官员进行文件分析和关键知情人访谈，使用世界卫生组织（WHO）的指导方针作为分析矩阵，从（i）教育、（ii）监管、（iii）财务和（iv）专业和个人发展四个领域检查招聘和留用实践，并将其分为大学/医学院层面和政府/非政府层面。我们的研究结果表明，印度尼西亚实施了世卫组织推荐的大多数医疗劳动力招聘和留用策略。然而，实施仍然存在问题；因此，建立充足、可持续的医疗劳动力的目标尚未实现。国家对教育方面的干预对于放大地区医学院倡议的影响很重要。必须重新评估和加强相关计划，以确保其在可持续农村和偏远医疗劳动力方面的意义、全面性和有效性。
