Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 11;24(2):1460. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021460.
Aquatic animals are increasingly challenged by O fluctuations as a result of global warming, as well as eutrophication processes. Teleost fish show important species-specific adaptability to O deprivation, moving from intolerance to a full tolerance of hypoxia and even anoxia. An example is provided by members of which includes species that are amongst the most tolerant hypoxia/anoxia teleosts. Living at low water O requires the mandatory preservation of the cardiac function to support the metabolic and hemodynamic requirements of organ and tissues which sustain whole organism performance. A number of orchestrated events, from metabolism to behavior, converge to shape the heart response to the restricted availability of the gas, also limiting the potential damages for cells and tissues. In cyprinids, the heart is extraordinarily able to activate peculiar strategies of functional preservation. Accordingly, by using these teleosts as models of tolerance to low O, we will synthesize and discuss literature data to describe the functional changes, and the major molecular events that allow the heart of these fish to sustain adaptability to O deprivation. By crossing the boundaries of basic research and environmental physiology, this information may be of interest also in a translational perspective, and in the context of conservative physiology, in which the output of the research is applicable to environmental management and decision making.
由于全球变暖以及富营养化过程，水生动物越来越受到 O 波动的挑战。硬骨鱼类对 O 缺乏表现出重要的物种特异性适应性，从不耐受逐渐转变为完全耐受缺氧甚至无氧。这方面的一个例子是 ，其中包括一些对缺氧/无氧最耐受的鱼类物种。在低氧环境中生存需要强制性地保持心脏功能，以满足器官和组织的代谢和血液动力学需求，从而维持整个生物体的性能。从新陈代谢到行为的一系列协调事件汇聚在一起，形成了心脏对气体有限供应的反应，也限制了细胞和组织的潜在损伤。在鲤鱼中，心脏非常有能力激活特殊的功能保护策略。因此，通过使用这些硬骨鱼作为耐受低氧的模型，我们将综合和讨论文献数据，以描述功能变化，以及允许这些鱼类心脏适应 O 缺乏的主要分子事件。通过跨越基础研究和环境生理学的界限，这些信息在转化研究和保守生理学方面也可能具有重要意义，在保守生理学中，研究的结果可应用于环境管理和决策制定。
