Ecology & Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Proteomics and Metabolomics Platform, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 12;24(2):1544. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021544.
Plants can respond to insects that feed with stylet mouthparts using various processes that are initiated via the salicylic acid metabolic pathway. In Australia, scale insects of the genus can cause economic damage to grapevines as they feed on the vines and produce honeydew as a waste by-product, which supports the growth of black sooty mould on fruit and leaves, potentially affecting the plant growth and yield. Using rootlings of Sauvignon Blanc (SB, resistant) and Chardonnay (Char, susceptible), the growth and production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) following exposure to scale insect infestations were measured under controlled greenhouse conditions. At harvest, the numbers of scale insects per five leaves were higher on plants infested at the start of the study compared with the control plants. Infested SB had increased dry root and shoot mass compared with the SB control, which was also the case with Char (control and infested). Leaf volatiles differed between cultivars in response to scale infestation. Benzyl alcohol decreased among infested SB plants compared with the other treatments. A change in the salicylic acid pathway as indicated by the change in benzyl alcohol may cause the increased growth in SB associated with the increased scale insect infestation.
植物可以通过水杨酸代谢途径启动的各种过程来响应以刺吸式口器取食的昆虫。在澳大利亚，介壳虫属的介壳虫会吸食葡萄藤并产生蜜露作为废物副产物，从而对葡萄藤造成经济损害，这可能会影响果实和叶片上黑煤烟霉菌的生长，潜在地影响植物的生长和产量。使用 Sauvignon Blanc（SB，抗性）和霞多丽（Char，易感性）的根苗，在受控温室条件下测量了暴露于介壳虫侵扰后挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的生长和产生。在收获时，与对照植物相比，研究开始时受感染的植物每五片叶子上的介壳虫数量更高。与 SB 对照相比，受感染的 SB 具有更高的干根和茎质量，Char（对照和受感染）也是如此。受介壳虫感染的品种之间的叶片挥发物不同。与其他处理相比，受感染的 SB 植物中的苯甲醇减少。苯甲醇的变化表明水杨酸途径发生了变化，这可能导致与增加的介壳虫感染相关的 SB 生长增加。
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