Ashraf Hajra, Cossu Davide, Ruberto Stefano, Noli Marta, Jasemi Seyedesomaye, Simula Elena Rita, Sechi Leonardo A
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Complex Structure of Microbiology and Virology, AOU Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Jan 11;16(2):699. doi: 10.3390/ma16020699.
Neurological diseases remain a major concern due to the high world mortality rate and the absence of appropriate therapies to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Therefore, the major focus is on the development of such strategies that not only enhance the efficacy of drugs but also increase their permeability in the BBB. Currently, nano-scale materials seem to be an appropriate approach to treating neurological diseases based on their drug-loading capacity, reduced toxicity, targeted delivery, and enhanced therapeutic effect. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient and has been of remarkable interest owing to its essential role in the physiological activity of the nervous system, i.e., signal transmission, memory, coordination, and locomotor activity. A deficiency of Se leads to various neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, owing to the neuroprotective role of Se (selenium) nanoparticles (SeNPs) are of particular interest to treat neurological diseases. To date, many studies investigate the role of altered microbiota with neurological diseases; thus, the current review focused not only on the recent advancement in the field of nanotechnology, considering SeNPs to cure neurological diseases, but also on investigating the potential role of SeNPs in altered microbiota.
由于全球死亡率高且缺乏能够穿越血脑屏障（BBB）的合适疗法，神经系统疾病仍然是一个主要关注点。因此，主要重点在于开发这样的策略，即不仅能提高药物疗效，还能增加其在血脑屏障中的渗透性。目前，基于纳米级材料的载药能力、降低的毒性、靶向递送和增强的治疗效果，它们似乎是治疗神经系统疾病的一种合适方法。硒（Se）是一种必需的微量营养素，由于其在神经系统生理活动（即信号传递、记忆、协调和运动活动）中的重要作用而备受关注。硒缺乏会导致各种神经系统疾病，如帕金森病、癫痫和阿尔茨海默病。因此，由于硒的神经保护作用，硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）在治疗神经系统疾病方面特别受关注。迄今为止，许多研究探讨了微生物群改变与神经系统疾病的关系；因此，本综述不仅关注纳米技术领域中利用硒纳米颗粒治疗神经系统疾病的最新进展，还关注研究硒纳米颗粒在微生物群改变中的潜在作用。
