Oliveira Camila, Holetz Fabíola Barbieri, Alves Lysangela Ronalte, Ávila Andréa Rodrigues
Laboratório de Regulação da Expressão Gênica, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz Paraná, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil.
Centre de Recherche CERVO, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
Pathogens. 2022 Dec 25;12(1):32. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12010032.
Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by . This protozoan developed several mechanisms to infect, propagate, and survive in different hosts. The specific expression of proteins is responsible for morphological and metabolic changes in different parasite stages along the parasite life cycle. The virulence strategies at the cellular and molecular levels consist of molecules responsible for mediating resistance mechanisms to oxidative damage, cellular invasion, and immune evasion, performed mainly by surface proteins. Since parasite surface coat remodeling is crucial to invasion and infectivity, surface proteins are essential virulence elements. Understanding the factors involved in these processes improves the knowledge of parasite pathogenesis. Genome sequencing has opened the door to high-throughput technologies, allowing us to obtain a deeper understanding of gene reprogramming along the parasite life cycle and identify critical molecules for survival. This review therefore focuses on proteins regulated during differentiation into infective forms considered virulence factors and addresses the current known mechanisms acting in the modulation of gene expression, emphasizing mRNA signals, regulatory factors, and protein complexes.
恰加斯病是一种由……引起的被忽视的热带疾病。这种原生动物发展出了多种机制，以便在不同宿主中进行感染、繁殖和生存。蛋白质的特异性表达导致寄生虫在其生命周期的不同阶段出现形态和代谢变化。细胞和分子水平上的毒力策略由负责介导对氧化损伤、细胞侵袭和免疫逃避的抗性机制的分子组成，这些机制主要由表面蛋白执行。由于寄生虫表面被膜重塑对于侵袭和感染性至关重要，表面蛋白是必不可少的毒力元件。了解这些过程中涉及的因素有助于增进对寄生虫发病机制的认识。基因组测序为高通量技术打开了大门，使我们能够更深入地了解寄生虫生命周期中的基因重编程，并识别生存所需的关键分子。因此，本综述聚焦于分化为感染性形式过程中被调控的蛋白质，这些蛋白质被视为毒力因子，并探讨了目前已知的在基因表达调控中起作用的机制，重点关注mRNA信号、调控因子和蛋白质复合物。
