Akram Nudrat Aisha, Bashir Rohina, Ashraf Gulshan, Bashir Shehnaz, Ashraf Muhammad, Alyemeni Mohammed Nasser, Bajguz Andrzej, Ahmad Parvaiz
Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jan 4;12(2):237. doi: 10.3390/plants12020237.
The present investigation was designed to improve drought stress tolerance in eggplant ( L.) through the exogenous application of α-tocopherol (TOC). For exogenous application, two modes, i.e., foliar spray (FS) and pre-sowing seed treatment (PS), were used. Water deficiency treatment (50% field capacity (FC)) was applied on 32-day-old seedlings of two eggplant cultivars, i.e., Janak and Black Beauty. Five levels of TOC (0 mg/L, 50 mg/L PS, 100 mg/L PS, 50 mg/L FS, and 100 mg/L FS) were applied as PS and FS. Pre-sowing seed treatment was conducted before seed sowing, while FS treatment after 30 days of drought stress treatment. After 15 days of TOC as an FS application, it was observed that drought stress significantly reduced plant growth (5-15%) and chlorophyll contents (4-10%), while it increased proline (4-6%), glycine betaine (GB) (5-10%), malondialdehyde (MDA) (10.8%), hydrogen peroxide (15-16%), relative membrane permeability (RMP) (5-8%), and the activities of peroxidase (7-8%) and superoxide dismutase (12-15%) in both eggplant cultivars. The TOC application (FS and PS) exhibited a positive role in overcoming the adverse effect of water stress on eggplants. Plant growth increased (15-18%) as a result of the application of TOC, which could be linked with improved chlorophyll, ascorbic acid (AsA), GB, proline, total soluble proteins (TSP), and the activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. The reactive oxygen species HO was also decreased by TOC application. Overall, TOC as a foliar spray was more effective in improving the accumulation of proline, GB, AsA, and activities of SOD and POD enzymes, while PS treatment was more effective in reducing RMP and improving the TSP of eggplant. Cv. Black Beauty was comparatively better in root dry weight, chlorophyll and , and MDA contents, while cv. Janak in RMP, AsA, TSP, and activity of the POD enzyme. It can be inferred that the application of TOC was useful in counteracting the harmful effects of drought stress on both cultivars of eggplants.
本研究旨在通过外源施用α-生育酚（TOC）提高茄子（L.）的耐旱胁迫能力。对于外源施用，采用了两种方式，即叶面喷施（FS）和播种前种子处理（PS）。对两个茄子品种Janak和黑美人32日龄的幼苗进行水分亏缺处理（50%田间持水量（FC））。以PS和FS的形式施用了五个水平的TOC（0 mg/L、50 mg/L PS、100 mg/L PS、50 mg/L FS和100 mg/L FS）。播种前种子处理在种子播种前进行，而FS处理在干旱胁迫处理30天后进行。在以FS形式施用TOC 15天后，观察到干旱胁迫显著降低了植株生长（5 - 15%）和叶绿素含量（4 - 10%），同时增加了脯氨酸（4 - 6%）、甘氨酸甜菜碱（GB）（5 - 10%）、丙二醛（MDA）（10.8%）、过氧化氢（15 - 16%）、相对膜透性（RMP）（5 - 8%）以及两个茄子品种中过氧化物酶（7 - 8%）和超氧化物歧化酶（12 - 15%）的活性。TOC的施用（FS和PS）在克服水分胁迫对茄子的不利影响方面发挥了积极作用。由于施用TOC，植株生长增加了（15 - 18%），这可能与叶绿素、抗坏血酸（AsA）、GB、脯氨酸、总可溶性蛋白（TSP）以及过氧化物酶（POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性的提高有关。TOC的施用还降低了活性氧HO。总体而言，作为叶面喷施的TOC在提高脯氨酸、GB、AsA的积累以及SOD和POD酶的活性方面更有效，而PS处理在降低茄子的RMP和提高TSP方面更有效。黑美人品种在根干重、叶绿素 和 以及MDA含量方面相对较好，而Janak品种在RMP、AsA、TSP和POD酶活性方面表现较好。可以推断，TOC的施用有助于抵消干旱胁迫对两个茄子品种的有害影响。
