Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
Laboratory of Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection RIBP, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51678, Reims Cedex 2, France.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2019 Oct;143:72-82. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.08.031. Epub 2019 Aug 30.
Little information is available on the physiological and biochemical responses to water stress in eggplant (Solanum melongena). We evaluated four genetically diverse eggplant varieties (MEL3-MEL6) under control and water stress conditions. Measurements were taken for plant growth, tissue water content, levels of chlorophylls a and b, carotenoids, proline, malondialdehyde, total phenolics, total flavonoids, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. For most traits, the water stress treatment had a greater contribution than the variety effect to the total sums of squares in an ANOVA analysis, except for total flavonoids, SOD, APX, and GR. The water stress treatment had a strong effect on plant growth and tissue water content. In general, water stress reduced the three photosynthetic pigments, increased proline, malondialdehyde, total phenolics, and total flavonoids, although some varietal differences were observed. Different patterns were also detected in the activities of the four enzymes evaluated, but few differences were observed for individual varieties between the control and water stress treatments. Many significant phenotypic correlations were observed among the traits studied, but only eight environmental correlations were detected. A PCA analysis distinctly separated individuals according to the treatment, and revealed a clearer separation of varieties under water stress than under control conditions, pointing to varietal differences in the responses to stress. Our results suggest that proline could be used as a marker for drought stress tolerance in this species. The information obtained provides new insight on the physiological and biochemical responses of eggplant to drought stress.
有关茄子（Solanum melongena）对水分胁迫的生理和生化反应的信息很少。我们在对照和水分胁迫条件下评估了四个遗传上不同的茄子品种（MEL3-MEL6）。测量了植物生长、组织水分含量、叶绿素 a 和 b、类胡萝卜素、脯氨酸、丙二醛、总酚、总类黄酮、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）的活性。对于大多数性状，水分胁迫处理对方差分析总平方和的贡献大于品种效应，除了总类黄酮、SOD、APX 和 GR。水分胁迫处理对植物生长和组织水分含量有强烈影响。一般来说，水分胁迫会降低三种光合色素，增加脯氨酸、丙二醛、总酚和总类黄酮，尽管观察到了一些品种差异。评估的四种酶的活性也表现出不同的模式，但在对照和水分胁迫处理之间，个别品种之间的差异很小。研究的性状之间观察到许多显著的表型相关性，但仅检测到 8 个环境相关性。PCA 分析根据处理明显区分了个体，并揭示了水分胁迫下品种的分离比对照条件下更为明显，表明品种对胁迫的反应存在差异。我们的结果表明，脯氨酸可以作为该物种耐旱性的标记。获得的信息为茄子对干旱胁迫的生理和生化反应提供了新的见解。
