Vuković Sandra, Moravčević Djordje, Gvozdanović-Varga Jelica, Dojčinović Biljana, Vujošević Ana, Pećinar Ilinka, Kilibarda Sofija, Kostić Aleksandar Ž
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jan 11;12(2):349. doi: 10.3390/plants12020349.
species are known as a rich source of many compounds with potential healing effects. Biofortification is recognized as an effective agrotechnical measure for raising the level of biogenic elements-especially microelements in the edible parts of these species, so can be considered as a 'natural dietary supplement'. The aim of this research was to test the effects of foliar application of Se fertilizer (NaSeO) in different doses (control-0, 10, 20 and 30 g per ha) on the content of macro, microelements and secondary metabolites (SMs)-free phenolics, flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in the edible parts, i.e., leaves of two selected species in Serbia ( and ), which grew in open field conditions over the course of two growing seasons. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF), as an indicator of the ability of plants to accumulate biogenic elements, was also determined. Although with no full regularity, the dose of 10 g of Se per ha yielded the highest content for the most biogenic elements for both alliums in the first growing season, i.e., a dose of 20 g of Se per ha for , and a dose of 30 g of Se per ha for in the second growing season. The obtained results justified the Se-biofortification of different alliums. The BAF values indicated the ability of both species to accumulate S, K and P in their leaves during both growing seasons. The accumulation of potentially toxic elements was not recorded for either species, emphasizing the safety of the produced plant material for human consumption. Additionally, Se-treated plants had higher SM contents compared to control plants. The growing season also showed an impact on SM content; i.e., in the second season, characterized as drought-stressed, the synthesis of SMs was significantly higher compared to that in the first season. Further research should be directed towards finding the appropriate dose of Se, expanded in the sense of conducting research in controlled conditions, as well as different ways of applying Se fertilizer. The idea of this study was also to popularize the examined species, which are rarely grown in the territory of Serbia.
某些物种是许多具有潜在治疗作用的化合物的丰富来源。生物强化被认为是提高这些物种可食用部分中生物元素（特别是微量元素）含量的有效农业技术措施，因此可以被视为一种“天然膳食补充剂”。本研究的目的是测试不同剂量（对照-0、10、20和30克/公顷）的硒肥（NaSeO）叶面喷施对塞尔维亚两种选定物种（和）可食用部分（即叶片）中大量元素、微量元素和次生代谢物（SMs）——游离酚类、黄酮类和羟基肉桂酸衍生物含量的影响，这两种物种在两个生长季节的露天条件下生长。还测定了生物累积因子（BAF），作为植物积累生物元素能力的指标。尽管并非完全规律，但在第一个生长季节，每公顷10克硒的剂量使两种葱属植物的大多数生物元素含量最高，即第二个生长季节，每公顷20克硒的剂量对而言，每公顷30克硒的剂量对而言。所得结果证明了不同葱属植物进行硒生物强化的合理性。BAF值表明两种物种在两个生长季节都有在其叶片中积累硫、钾和磷的能力。两种物种均未记录到潜在有毒元素的积累，这强调了所生产的植物材料供人类食用的安全性。此外，与对照植物相比，经硒处理的植物具有更高的SM含量。生长季节也对SM含量有影响；即在第二个干旱胁迫的季节，SM的合成明显高于第一个季节。进一步的研究应致力于找到合适的硒剂量，在可控条件下进行研究，并探索不同的硒肥施用方式。本研究的想法还在于推广所研究的物种，这些物种在塞尔维亚境内很少种植。
