Gazali Mohamad, Jolanda Odi, Husni Amir, Majid Fadzilah Adibah Abd, Syafitri Rina
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Teuku Umar University, Aceh 23681, Indonesia.
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jan 14;12(2):393. doi: 10.3390/plants12020393.
Seaweed belongs to marine biota and contains nutrients and secondary metabolites beneficial for health. This study aimed to determine the antidiabetic activity of extracts and fractions of green seaweed . The sample was extracted with the maceration method using methanol and then partitioned using ethyl acetate and water to obtain ethyl acetate and water fractions. The methanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction of were tested for their inhibitory activity against α-amilase and α-glucosidase. The methanol extract and the fractions with the highest inhibitory activity were phytochemically tested and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (IC = 0.88 ± 0.20 mg/mL) inhibited α-amylase relatively similar to acarbose (IC = 0.76 ± 0.04 mg/mL). The methanol extract (IC = 0.05 ± 0.01 mg/mL) and the ethyl acetate fraction (IC = 0.01 ± 0.00 mg/mL) demonstrated stronger inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase than acarbose (IC = 0.27 ± 0.13 mg/mL). Phytochemical testing showed that the methanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction contained secondary metabolites: alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and phenol hydroquinone. The compounds in methanol extract predicted to have inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were Docosanol, Neophytadiene, Stigmasta-7,22-dien-3-ol,acetate,(3.beta.,5.alpha.,22E), Octadecanoic acid,2-oxo-,methyl ester, and phytol, while those in the ethyl acetate fraction were n-Nonadecane, Phytol, Butyl ester, 14-.Beta.-H-pregna, Octadecenoic acid, and Oleic acid.
海藻属于海洋生物群，含有对健康有益的营养物质和次生代谢产物。本研究旨在确定绿藻提取物和馏分的抗糖尿病活性。采用浸渍法用甲醇对样品进行提取，然后用乙酸乙酯和水进行分配，得到乙酸乙酯馏分和水馏分。对绿藻的甲醇提取物、乙酸乙酯馏分和水馏分进行了α -淀粉酶和α -葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性测试。对抑制活性最高的甲醇提取物和馏分进行了植物化学测试，并采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）进行分析。结果表明，乙酸乙酯馏分（IC₅₀ = 0.88 ± 0.20 mg/mL）对α -淀粉酶的抑制作用与阿卡波糖（IC₅₀ = 0.76 ± 0.04 mg/mL）相对相似。甲醇提取物（IC₅₀ = 0.05 ± 0.01 mg/mL）和乙酸乙酯馏分（IC₅₀ = 0.01 ± 0.00 mg/mL）对α -葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性比阿卡波糖（IC₅₀ = 0.27 ± 0.13 mg/mL）更强。植物化学测试表明，甲醇提取物和乙酸乙酯馏分含有次生代谢产物：生物碱、黄酮类、甾体和对苯二酚。甲醇提取物中预测对α -淀粉酶和α -葡萄糖苷酶有抑制活性的化合物有二十二烷醇、新植二烯、豆甾 - 7,22 - 二烯 - 3 - 醇、乙酸酯、（3β,5α,22E）、十八烷酸、2 - 氧代 - 甲酯和叶绿醇，而乙酸乙酯馏分中的化合物有正十九烷、叶绿醇、丁酯、14 - β - H - 孕甾烷、十八碳烯酸和油酸。
