Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Lab, CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro-SM Bispo, Apartado 7006, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal.
Mar Drugs. 2024 Apr 10;22(4):168. doi: 10.3390/md22040168.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition marked by high blood glucose levels caused by inadequate insulin synthesis or poor insulin use. This condition affects millions of individuals worldwide and is linked to a variety of consequences, including cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Diabetes therapy now focuses on controlling blood glucose levels through lifestyle changes, oral medicines, and insulin injections. However, these therapies have limits and may not successfully prevent or treat diabetic problems. Several marine-derived chemicals have previously demonstrated promising findings as possible antidiabetic medicines in preclinical investigations. Peptides, polyphenols, and polysaccharides extracted from seaweeds, sponges, and other marine species are among them. As a result, marine natural products have the potential to be a rich source of innovative multitargeted medications for diabetes prevention and treatment, as well as associated complications. Future research should focus on the chemical variety of marine creatures as well as the mechanisms of action of marine-derived chemicals in order to find new antidiabetic medicines and maximize their therapeutic potential. Based on preclinical investigations, this review focuses on the next step for seaweed applications as potential multitargeted medicines for diabetes, highlighting the bioactivities of seaweeds in the prevention and treatment of this illness.
糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病，其特征是由于胰岛素合成不足或胰岛素利用不良导致的高血糖水平。这种疾病影响着全球数百万人，与多种后果相关，包括心血管疾病、神经病变、肾病和视网膜病变。糖尿病的治疗现在侧重于通过生活方式改变、口服药物和胰岛素注射来控制血糖水平。然而，这些治疗方法存在局限性，可能无法成功预防或治疗糖尿病问题。以前有研究表明，一些海洋来源的化学物质在临床前研究中具有作为潜在抗糖尿病药物的有前途的发现。从海藻、海绵和其他海洋物种中提取的肽、多酚和多糖就是其中的一部分。因此，海洋天然产物有可能成为预防和治疗糖尿病以及相关并发症的创新多靶点药物的丰富来源。未来的研究应集中在海洋生物的化学多样性以及海洋来源化学物质的作用机制上，以寻找新的抗糖尿病药物并最大限度地发挥其治疗潜力。基于临床前研究，本文综述了海藻作为潜在多靶点糖尿病药物的下一步应用，强调了海藻在预防和治疗这种疾病方面的生物活性。
