Taha Ahmed E, Alduraywish Abdulrahman A, Almaeen Abdulrahman H, El-Metwally Tarek H, Alayyaf Mohammad, Mallick Ayesha, Abouelkheir Mohamed
Microbiology and Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia.
Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Dec 22;11(1):26. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010026.
(1) Backgrounds and Objectives: The global battle to contain the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still ongoing. This cross-sectional study aimed to detect the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG among previously symptomatic/asymptomatic and vaccinated/unvaccinated inhabitants of Sakaka City, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia. (2) Methods: Blood samples of 400 participants were tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG using colloidal gold immuno-chromatography lateral flow immunoassay cards. (3) Results: The prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG positivity was 45.8% and 42.3%, respectively. Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between the previous RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2-RNA and positivity for IgM and/or IgG. The highest seroprevalence of IgM and IgG were detected among smokers, participants aged ≥40 years, and patients with chronic diseases. Although most of the participants (58.5%) did not previously experience COVID-19 like symptoms, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG seropositivity amongst them was 49.1% and 25.6%, respectively, with higher seroprevalence among males than females. At the time of the study, the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination rate at our locality in Saudi Arabia was 43.8% with statistically significant correlation (p < 0.001) between being vaccinated and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and/or IgG positivity, with more positivity after receiving the second vaccine dose. (4) Conclusions: Public assessment reflects the real scale of the disease exposure among the community and helps in identifying the asymptomatic carriers that constitute a major problem for controlling the SARS-CoV-2. To limit the spread of the virus, rigorous implementation of large-scale SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and anti-SARS-CoV-2 serological testing strategies should be empowered.
（1）背景与目的：全球抗击严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的战斗仍在继续。这项横断面研究旨在检测沙特阿拉伯阿尔朱夫省萨卡卡市有症状/无症状以及接种/未接种疫苗的居民中抗SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG的血清流行率。（2）方法：使用胶体金免疫层析侧向流动免疫分析试纸条对400名参与者的血液样本进行抗SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG检测。（3）结果：抗SARS-CoV-2 IgM和IgG阳性率分别为45.8%和42.3%。在先前针对SARS-CoV-2-RNA的逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测与IgM和/或IgG阳性之间发现了具有统计学意义的相关性（p<0.05）。在吸烟者、年龄≥40岁的参与者以及患有慢性病的患者中检测到最高的IgM和IgG血清流行率。尽管大多数参与者（58.5%）此前未经历过类似新冠病毒病的症状，但他们中抗SARS-CoV-2 IgM和IgG血清阳性率分别为49.1%和25.6%，男性的血清流行率高于女性。在研究期间，我们所在的沙特阿拉伯地区SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种率为43.8%，接种疫苗与抗SARS-CoV-2 IgM和/或IgG阳性之间存在统计学意义的相关性（p<0.001），接种第二剂疫苗后阳性率更高。（4）结论：公众评估反映了社区中疾病暴露的实际规模，并有助于识别构成控制SARS-CoV-2主要问题的无症状携带者。为限制病毒传播，应加强大规模SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种和抗SARS-CoV-2血清学检测策略的严格实施。
