Sangkanu Suthinee, Paul Alok K, Chuprom Julalak, Mitsuwan Watcharapong, Boonhok Rachasak, de Lourdes Pereira Maria, Oliveira Sonia Marlene Rodrigues, Wilairatana Polrat, Rahmatullah Mohammed, Wiart Christophe, Nawaz Muhammad, Sin Chea, Kayesth Sunil, Nissapatorn Veeranoot
School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Dec 31;11(1):96. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010096.
(, ) infections in humans may be asymptomatic or symptomatic and associated with diarrhea (without blood), abdominal cramps, bloating, flatulence, and weight loss. The protozoan Giardia is the third most common cause of diarrhea and death in children under five, preceded only by rotavirus and by and infections. Antimicrobial drugs, particularly 5-nitroimidazole (5-NIs), are used to treat giardiasis in humans. Immunologically naive or immunocompromised host are more vulnerable to infection, whereas a degree of resistance to this protozoan is present in humans living in endemic areas. This suggests that vaccination may be a potential and appropriate means to control this parasitic disease outbreak and protect the human population. This review discusses antigens related to vaccine development. Additionally, based on the latest development of nanoparticle technology, a combination of methods for future research and development is proposed for the design of the next generation of powerful immunogens and an effective vaccine against .
（，）人类感染可能无症状或有症状，并伴有腹泻（无血）、腹部绞痛、腹胀、肠胃气胀和体重减轻。原生动物贾第虫是五岁以下儿童腹泻和死亡的第三大常见原因，仅次于轮状病毒以及和感染。抗菌药物，特别是5-硝基咪唑（5-NIs），用于治疗人类贾第虫病。免疫未成熟或免疫功能低下的宿主更容易感染，而生活在流行地区的人群对这种原生动物存在一定程度的抵抗力。这表明疫苗接种可能是控制这种寄生虫病爆发和保护人群的一种潜在且合适的手段。本综述讨论了与疫苗开发相关的抗原。此外，基于纳米颗粒技术的最新发展，提出了未来研究和开发的组合方法，用于设计下一代强大的免疫原和针对的有效疫苗。
