Huang Xiaorong, Liang Chumin, Li Manman, Chen Huimin, Li Zhaowan, Ruan Qianqian, Hu Ximing, Zeng Lilian, Lin Huifang, Zhao Wei, Xiao Jianpeng, Sun Limei, Sun Jiufeng
School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou 510300, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jan 4;11(1):123. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010123.
Background: Mass basic and booster immunization programs effectively contained the spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, also known as COVID-19. However, the emerging Variants of Concern (VOCs) of COVID-19 evade the immune protection of the vaccine and increase the risk of reinfection. Methods: Serum antibodies of 384 COVID-19 cases recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection were examined. Correlations between clinical symptoms and antibodies against VOCs were analyzed. Result: All 384 cases (aged 43, range 1−90) were from 15 cities of Guangdong, China. The specific IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies could be detected within 4−6 weeks after infection. A broad cross-reaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, but not with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus was found. The titers of neutralization antibodies (NAbs) were significantly correlated with IgG (r = 0.667, p < 0.001), but showed poor neutralizing effects against VOCs. Age, fever, and hormone therapy were independent risk factors for NAbs titers reduction against VOCs. Conclusion: Humoral immunity antibodies from the original strain of COVID-19 showed weak neutralization effects against VOCs, and decreased neutralizing ability was associated with initial age, fever, and hormone therapy, which hindered the effects of the COVID-19 vaccine developed from the SARS-CoV-2 prototype virus.
大规模基础免疫和加强免疫计划有效遏制了严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2），即新冠病毒（COVID-19）的传播。然而，新冠病毒新出现的变异株（VOCs）可逃避疫苗的免疫保护并增加再次感染的风险。方法：检测了384例从SARS-CoV-2感染中康复的新冠病例的血清抗体。分析了临床症状与针对VOCs的抗体之间的相关性。结果：所有384例病例（年龄43岁，范围1 - 90岁）均来自中国广东省的15个城市。感染后4 - 6周内可检测到特异性IgA、IgG和IgM抗体。发现SARS-CoV-2与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒之间存在广泛交叉反应，但与中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒无交叉反应。中和抗体（NAbs）滴度与IgG显著相关（r = 0.667，p < 0.001），但对VOCs的中和作用较差。年龄、发热和激素治疗是导致针对VOCs的NAbs滴度降低的独立危险因素。结论：新冠病毒原始毒株产生的体液免疫抗体对VOCs的中和作用较弱，中和能力下降与初始年龄、发热和激素治疗有关，这阻碍了基于SARS-CoV-2原型病毒研发的新冠疫苗的效果。
