Holsworth Research Initiative, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia.
School of Exercise Science, Sport and Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, Australia.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2023 Aug;23(8):1612-1621. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2023.2171908. Epub 2023 Feb 19.
To assess the effect of active and passive intra-interval recovery modes in time-efficient high-intensity interval training (HIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, autonomic function, and endothelial function in sedentary middle-aged men.Participants (= 62; age: 49.5 ± 5.8 y; BMI: 29.7 ± 3.7 kg·m) completed the assessments of cardiorespiratory fitness, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and heart rate variability before being randomly allocated to control (CON; = 14), moderate intensity continuous training (MICT; = 15), HIT with passive (P-HIT; -15), or active recovery (A-HIT; = 15). Participants performed thrice weekly exercise sessions for 12 weeks. MICT completed 50-60 min of continuous cycling at 60-70% heart rate (HR) maximum. HIT completed 30-s work intervals (∼85% HR) interspaced with 2.5 min of active or passive recovery.All exercise modalities increased oxygen uptake (V̇O) (MD: ≥ 3.1 ml·kg·min, 95%CI: 1.5-4.7 ml·kg·min; < 0.001), power output (MD: ≥ 26 W, 95%CI: 15-37 W; < 0.001) and cycle duration (MD: ≥ 62 s, 95%CI: 36-88 s; < 0.001) at 85% HRM. Significant pre-to-post differences were observed among all exercise groups for FMD (MD: ≥ 3.4%, 95%CI: 0.3-6.5%; < 0.05), while MICT and P-HIT significantly increased the standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN) pre-to-post intervention (MD: ≥ 7 ms, 2-13 ms; ≤ 0.05).Time-efficient HIT elicits significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, FMD and autonomic modulation following a thrice weekly 12-week exercise intervention among sedentary middle-aged men. Active recovery between successive high-intensity intervals provided no additional benefit among this deconditioned cohort.
评估高效高强度间歇训练（HIT）中主动和被动间歇恢复期模式对久坐中年男性心肺功能、自主功能和内皮功能的影响。
参与者（=62；年龄：49.5±5.8 岁；BMI：29.7±3.7kg·m）在随机分配到对照组（CON；=14）、中等强度持续训练（MICT；=15）、被动恢复高强度间歇训练（P-HIT；-15）或主动恢复高强度间歇训练（A-HIT；=15）之前，完成了心肺功能、血流介导的舒张（FMD）和心率变异性的评估。参与者每周进行三次运动训练，持续 12 周。MICT 以 60-70%最大心率（HR）连续完成 50-60 分钟的踏车运动。HIT 以 30 秒的工作间隔（~85%HR）完成，间隔 2.5 分钟的主动或被动恢复期。
所有运动方式均增加了耗氧量（V̇O）（MD：≥3.1ml·kg·min，95%CI：1.5-4.7ml·kg·min；<0.001）、功率输出（MD：≥26W，95%CI：15-37W；<0.001）和 85%HRM 下的踏车运动持续时间（MD：≥62s，95%CI：36-88s；<0.001）。所有运动组在 FMD 方面均观察到显著的前后差异（MD：≥3.4%，95%CI：0.3-6.5%；<0.05），而 MICT 和 P-HIT 显著增加了干预前后所有 NN 间期标准差（SDNN）（MD：≥7ms，2-13ms；≤0.05）。
高效 HIT 在每周三次、为期 12 周的运动干预后，可显著改善久坐中年男性的心肺功能、FMD 和自主神经调节。在这个非运动人群中，高强度间歇之间的主动恢复没有提供额外的益处。
