Kunnuru Sumana, Godella Vandana, Vinala Shanthan, Anne Beatrice
Department of Endocrinology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telanagana India.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana India.
Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2023 Jan 10:1-7. doi: 10.1007/s13410-022-01166-0.
Respiratory infections like influenza and pneumococcus increase mortality, morbidity, hospitalisation risks and healthcare costs in people with type 2 diabetes which can be prevented by vaccinations. However, there is not much data regarding how many people with type 2 diabetes in India receive pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations.
This is a cross-sectional study conducted between March 2022 to May 2022 at a tertiary care centre in South India. Patients were interviewed through face to face questionnaire regarding awareness, knowledge of influenza and pneumococcal infections, availability and need of vaccines, vaccination status and the possible reasons for not receiving vaccines.
A total of 388 patients were recruited in the study. Knowledge about influenza and pneumococcal infections were present only in 4.8% and 4.1% respectively. And 98.7% of patients had no awareness about the availability and need for vaccines. Only 0.5% and 0.7% of patients received influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations respectively. After counselling and spreading awareness, 76.2% of patients said that they would receive vaccination in the next visit. Also, 23.19% of the patients refused to take any vaccinations even after counselling. And 23.7% of patients feared complications after vaccinations.
Pneumococcal and Influenza vaccination uptake rates are extremely low in people with type 2 diabetes in India. Urgent measures are required to increase the awareness in patients and healthcare workers about the availability, need for vaccinations and effectiveness of vaccines which would lead to improvement in vaccination rates.
流感和肺炎球菌等呼吸道感染会增加2型糖尿病患者的死亡率、发病率、住院风险和医疗成本，而接种疫苗可预防这些情况。然而，关于印度有多少2型糖尿病患者接种肺炎球菌疫苗和流感疫苗的数据并不多。
这是一项于2022年3月至2022年5月在印度南部一家三级护理中心进行的横断面研究。通过面对面问卷调查对患者进行访谈，内容涉及对流感和肺炎球菌感染的认识、知识，疫苗的可获得性和需求、疫苗接种状况以及未接种疫苗的可能原因。
该研究共招募了388名患者。对流感和肺炎球菌感染的知晓率分别仅为4.8%和4.1%。98.7%的患者对疫苗的可获得性和需求一无所知。分别只有0.5%和0.7%的患者接种了流感疫苗和肺炎球菌疫苗。在进行咨询和宣传后，76.2%的患者表示下次就诊时会接种疫苗。此外，23.19%的患者即使在咨询后仍拒绝接种任何疫苗。23.7%的患者担心接种疫苗后会出现并发症。
在印度，2型糖尿病患者的肺炎球菌疫苗和流感疫苗接种率极低。需要采取紧急措施，提高患者和医护人员对疫苗可获得性、接种需求及疫苗有效性的认识，这将有助于提高接种率。
