Fang Hui, Dai Guona, Liao Binbin, Zhou Ping, Liu Yinglin
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jan 6;13:1099856. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1099856. eCollection 2022.
L. is extensively used as ethnopharmacological material in China. In the local marketplace, this medicine can be accidentally contaminated, deliberately substituted, or mixed with other related species. The contaminants in herbal products are a threat to consumer safety. Due to the scarcity of genetic information on plants, more molecular markers are needed to avoid misidentification.
In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of nine species of the genus was assembled and characterized.
This study revealed that all of these species exhibited a conserved quadripartite structure, which includes a large single copy (LSC) region and small single copy (SSC) region, and two copies of inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb), which separate the LSC and SSC regions. And the genome structure, codon usage, and repeat sequences were highly conserved and showed similarities among the nine species. Three highly variable regions (, , and ) might be helpful as potential molecular markers for identifying P. urinaria and its contaminants. In addition, the molecular clock analysis results showed that the divergence time of the genus might occur at ~ 48.72 Ma.
This study provides valuable information for further species identification, evolution, and phylogenetic research of .
在中国，L. 被广泛用作民族药理学材料。在当地市场上，这种药物可能会意外受到污染、被故意替代或与其他相关物种混合。草药产品中的污染物对消费者安全构成威胁。由于关于植物的遗传信息稀缺，需要更多的分子标记来避免错误鉴定。
在本研究中，组装并表征了该属9个物种的完整叶绿体基因组。
本研究表明，所有这些物种均呈现出保守的四分体结构，包括一个大单拷贝（LSC）区域和一个小单拷贝（SSC）区域，以及两个反向重复区域（IRa和IRb）的拷贝，它们将LSC和SSC区域分开。并且基因组结构、密码子使用和重复序列高度保守，在这9个物种中表现出相似性。三个高度可变区域（、和）可能有助于作为鉴定P. urinaria及其污染物的潜在分子标记。此外，分子钟分析结果表明，该属的分歧时间可能发生在约4872万年前。
本研究为进一步开展该属的物种鉴定、进化和系统发育研究提供了有价值的信息。
