Shi Naixing, Yang Zefen, Miao Ke, Tang Lilei, Zhou Nian, Xie Pingxuan, Wen Guosong
College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Aug 23;14:1202634. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1202634. eCollection 2023.
has been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine as well as a healthy food. Because of its highly variable morphology, this medicinal plant is often difficult to distinguish from other related verticillate leaf types of the species. The contaminants in products not only decrease the products' quality but also threaten consumer safety, seriously inhibiting the industrial application of .
Nine complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of six verticillate leaf types of the species were assembled and systematically analyzed.
The total lengths of newly sequenced cp genomes ranged from 155,437 to 155,977 bp, including 86/87 protein-coding, 38 tRNA, and 8 rRNA genes, which all exhibited well-conserved genomic structures and gene orders. The differences in the IR/SC (inverted repeats/single-copy) boundary regions and simple sequence repeats were detected among the verticillate leaf types of the cp genomes. Comparative cp genomes analyses revealed that a higher similarity was conserved in the IR regions than in the SC regions. In addition, 11 divergent hotspot regions were selected, providing potential molecular markers for the identification of the species with verticillate leaf types. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that, as a super barcode, plastids realized a fast and efficient identification that clearly characterized the relationships within the verticillate leaf types of the species. In brief, our results not only enrich the data on the cp genomes of the genus but also provide references for the germplasm resource protection, herbal cultivation, and drug production.
This study not only accurately identifies species, but also provides valuable information for the development of molecular markers and phylogenetic analyses of the species with verticillate leaf types.
已作为传统中药以及健康食品被广泛使用。由于其形态高度可变，这种药用植物常常难以与该物种其他相关的轮生叶类型区分开来。该产品中的污染物不仅会降低产品质量，还会威胁消费者安全，严重阻碍了其产业应用。
组装并系统分析了该物种六种轮生叶类型的九个完整叶绿体（cp）基因组。
新测序的cp基因组全长在155,437至155,977 bp之间，包括86/87个蛋白质编码基因、38个tRNA基因和8个rRNA基因，它们均表现出高度保守的基因组结构和基因顺序。在该物种cp基因组的轮生叶类型中检测到了IR/SC（反向重复/单拷贝）边界区域和简单序列重复的差异。cp基因组比较分析表明，IR区域比SC区域保守性更高。此外，选择了11个差异热点区域，为该物种轮生叶类型的鉴定提供了潜在的分子标记。系统发育分析表明，作为一个超级条形码，质体实现了快速有效的鉴定，清楚地刻画了该物种轮生叶类型之间的关系。简而言之，我们的结果不仅丰富了该属cp基因组的数据，还为该物种的种质资源保护、草药种植和药物生产提供了参考。
本研究不仅准确鉴定了该物种，还为该物种轮生叶类型的分子标记开发和系统发育分析提供了有价值的信息。
