Ravintaran Thanaraj, Go Kai Xiang, Che Isa Iza Nurzawani, Mohd Norsuddin Norhashimah, Sabarudin Akmal, Mohamed Sharif Norhafidzah, Ahmad Zaiki Farah Wahida, Hashim Ummi Farhana, Said Rahmat Said Mohd Shaffiq
Program of Diagnostic Imaging & Radiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
Heliyon. 2022 Dec 30;9(1):e12773. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12773. eCollection 2023 Jan.
Lack of public understanding, perception and awareness of the biological effects of prenatal ultrasound has led to the non-medical use of ultrasound. An educational programme is required to enlighten pregnant women and the public regarding prenatal ultrasound safety.
To evaluate the effectiveness of educational modules (video and brochure) in improving knowledge, awareness and perception (KAP) among pregnant women regarding prenatal ultrasound safety.
This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-and post-test design. This study recruited 51 pregnant women as respondents from the Obstetrics and Gynaecology clinic (O&G) of Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM). The first phase of the study was conducted by distributing a set of closed-ended questionnaires with multiple choice and Likert scale answers to assess the KAP of pregnant women regarding the safe use of prenatal ultrasound, followed by educational modules where the respondents were allocated into three groups (17 watched a video, 17 received brochure and 17 received combined media). After the intervention, the respondents' KAP were assessed using the same questionnaire.
The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that educational modules like video, brochure and combined media had a statistically significant increase in post-test scores over the pre-test scores (video: mean rank = 9.00, p < 0.05) (brochure: mean rank = 9.79,p < 0.05) and (combined media: mean rank = 10.17, p > 0.05). The Kruskal Wallis test indicated that educational video was more effective in improving the KAP of pregnant women than the brochure and combined media (mean rank = 34.62, p < 0.05). Among the parameters, the occupation has the strongest positive correlation with the post-test knowledge score in improving the KAP of pregnant women regarding the safe use of prenatal ultrasound.
The educational video is the most effective approach for enhancing pregnant women's KAP. The educational module on the safety of prenatal ultrasound is thought to dispel myths by providing accurate information to audiences from various backgrounds.
公众对产前超声生物学效应缺乏理解、认知和意识，导致了超声的非医疗用途。需要开展一项教育计划，以提高孕妇和公众对产前超声安全性的认识。
评估教育模块（视频和宣传册）在提高孕妇对产前超声安全性的知识、意识和认知（KAP）方面的有效性。
这是一项采用前后测试设计的准实验研究。本研究从敦库穆赫里兹医院（HCTM）妇产科诊所招募了51名孕妇作为受访者。研究的第一阶段通过发放一套包含多项选择题和李克特量表答案的封闭式问卷来评估孕妇对安全使用产前超声的KAP，随后进行教育模块，将受访者分为三组（17人观看视频，17人收到宣传册，17人收到组合媒体资料）。干预后，使用相同的问卷评估受访者的KAP。
威尔科克森符号秩检验表明，视频、宣传册和组合媒体等教育模块在测试后得分相对于测试前得分有统计学显著提高（视频：平均秩=9.00，p<0.05）（宣传册：平均秩=9.79，p<0.05）和（组合媒体：平均秩=10.17，p>0.05）。克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验表明，教育视频在提高孕妇的KAP方面比宣传册和组合媒体更有效（平均秩=34.62，p<0.05）。在各项参数中，职业与测试后知识得分在提高孕妇对安全使用产前超声的KAP方面具有最强的正相关性。
教育视频是提高孕妇KAP的最有效方法。关于产前超声安全性的教育模块被认为通过向不同背景的受众提供准确信息来消除误解。
