Alshammari Abdulsalam, Farook Fathima Fazrina, Alyahya Lulu A, AlHarbi Maha N, Alazaz Norah N, AlKadi Lubna, Albalawi Farraj, Aboalela Ali A
College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU.
Research and Development, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Dec 20;14(12):e32731. doi: 10.7759/cureus.32731. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the distal extension of the palatal rugae area as an anatomical constraint on the harvesting of palatal soft tissue grafts in a Saudi Arabian population. Additionally, factors that could affect or predict the extension were considered. Methods Three hundred seventy-four (374) dental casts from Saudi nationals currently residing in Riyadh (170 males and 204 females) were included. Two independent observers used a standardized probe to measure the posterior extent of the rugae on each stone cast bilaterally on a horizontal base. A sharp graphite pencil was used to mark the measurements from the origin of the rugae to their terminal ends on the cast, and a magnification lens was used to identify them. Using this technique, the most posterior extension of the rugae was marked and then analyzed. The normal approximation test for binomial distribution was used to determine the proportion of the subjects with rugael extensions beyond the mesial end of the upper second premolar, and logistic regression was used to see the association of this extension with other factors. Results The asymptotic chi-squared (p = 0.0002) McNemar tests revealed that the posterior distal extension of the rugae was not the same on both sides. A normal approximation test for the left side with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with the "rugael extension proximal to the mesial end of the upper second premolar" category considered "success" found that the proportion of upper second premolars with rugael extensions proximal to the mesial end was not significantly different to the proportion of rugael extensions beyond the mesial end of the upper second premolars (95% CI: 48.69%-58.79%, p = 0.147). Conversely, the proportion of the upper second premolars with rugael extensions proximal to the mesial end was significantly lower than that beyond the mesial end on the right (95% CI: 35.92%-45.89%, p = 0.00004). Gender, age, and palatal shape did not significantly affect the posterior extension of palatal rugae. Conclusions The palatal rugae on the left side of a sample of the Saudi Arabian population do not considerably extend beyond the upper second premolar mesial aspect, which may provide reliable soft tissue grafts for esthetic mucogingival surgery.
背景 本研究的目的是调查腭皱襞区域的远中延伸情况，作为沙特阿拉伯人群中腭软组织移植取材的解剖学限制因素。此外，还考虑了可能影响或预测该延伸的因素。方法 纳入了374例目前居住在利雅得的沙特国民的牙模（170例男性和204例女性）。两名独立观察者使用标准化探针在每个石膏模型的水平基底上双侧测量皱襞的后部范围。用尖锐的石墨铅笔在模型上标记从皱襞起点到其末端的测量值，并用放大镜进行识别。使用该技术，标记皱襞的最后部延伸，然后进行分析。采用二项分布的正态近似检验来确定皱襞延伸超过上颌第二前磨牙近中端的受试者比例，并采用逻辑回归分析该延伸与其他因素的关联。结果 渐近卡方（p = 0.0002）McNemar检验显示，两侧皱襞的后部远中延伸不同。对左侧进行95%置信区间（CI）的正态近似检验，将“皱襞延伸至上颌第二前磨牙近中端近端”类别视为“成功”，发现皱襞延伸至上颌第二前磨牙近中端近端的比例与延伸超过上颌第二前磨牙近中端的比例无显著差异（95% CI：48.69%-58.79%，p = 0.147）。相反，右侧皱襞延伸至上颌第二前磨牙近中端近端的比例显著低于延伸超过上颌第二前磨牙近中端的比例（95% CI：35.92%-45.89%，p = 0.00004）。性别、年龄和腭部形状对腭皱襞的后部延伸无显著影响。结论 沙特阿拉伯人群样本左侧的腭皱襞不会显著延伸至上颌第二前磨牙近中面之外，这可能为美学性龈黏膜手术提供可靠的软组织移植材料。
