Aggad Waheeb Sami, El-Aziz Gamal S Abd, Hamdy Raid M, Saleh Hamid A, Alyazidi Anas S
Department Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.
J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2022 Dec 9;10(4):159-167. doi: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_91_21. eCollection 2022 Oct-Dec.
The meniscal cartilages are fibrous discs that are important for knee structures and have the ability to bear weight and stabilize joints. However, morphological and standard data for the meniscus are limited. Therefore, this work will compare anatomical and histological parameters of meniscal cartilages. The results will be important for the different measurements that are necessary for knee joint surgery.
A total of 24 aged cadavers (12 males and 12 females) were included. Knee joints were dissected and the menisci were excised and labeled as medial or lateral, right or left, male or female. Then, the menisci were kept in 10% formalin solution. Morphological variations of the meniscal shapes were macroscopically categorized. Different measurements, including the distance between anterior and posterior horns, outer and inner circumferences, width (breadth), and thickness, were done using a digital Vernier caliper and recorded manually.
48 medial menisci (MMi) cartilages were studied, they were 54.6% crescent-shaped, 34.6% V-shaped, and 10.8% U-shaped. 48 lateral menisci (LMi) cartilages were studied, 41.6% were crescent-shaped, 56.4% were C-shaped, and 2% were disc-shaped articular cartilage. Findings included differences in their lengths and thickness.
The findings of this study were significant in providing new information on various morphological and morphometric parameters of the MMi and LMi in aged males and females, which are necessary to require more precise and comprehensive fundamental data that will be helpful for many specialists for better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches; aiming to restore normal joint conditions in senile people complaining of different meniscal pathologies.
半月板是纤维性盘状结构，对膝关节结构很重要，具有承重和稳定关节的能力。然而，半月板的形态学和标准数据有限。因此，本研究将比较半月板软骨的解剖学和组织学参数。研究结果对于膝关节手术所需的不同测量具有重要意义。
共纳入24具老年尸体（12男12女）。解剖膝关节，切除半月板并标记为内侧或外侧、右侧或左侧、男性或女性。然后，将半月板保存在10%的福尔马林溶液中。肉眼观察半月板形状的形态学变异并进行分类。使用数字游标卡尺进行不同测量，包括前后角之间的距离、内外周长、宽度和厚度，并手动记录。
共研究了48个内侧半月板软骨，其中54.6%为新月形，34.6%为V形，10.8%为U形。共研究了48个外侧半月板软骨，41.6%为新月形，56.4%为C形，2%为盘状关节软骨。研究结果包括其长度和厚度的差异。
本研究结果为老年男性和女性内侧半月板和外侧半月板的各种形态学和形态测量学参数提供了新信息，这些信息对于获取更精确和全面的基础数据很有必要，有助于许多专家采取更好的诊断和治疗方法；旨在恢复患有不同半月板病变的老年人的正常关节状况。
