Feschuk Aileen M, Green Maxwell, Kashetsky Nadia, Maibach Howard I
Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 300 Prince Philip Dr.Newfoundland & Labrador, St. John's, A1B 3V6 Canada.
Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA USA.
Curr Dermatol Rep. 2023;12(1):27-32. doi: 10.1007/s13671-023-00380-1. Epub 2023 Jan 17.
Pityriasis lichenoides (PL) is a spectrum of dermatological conditions involving polymorphous lesions. Natural history of the condition ranges from acute to chronic. Cases of PL following SARS-CoV-2 infection/vaccination have been reported, but not yet comprehensively reviewed. Hence, the objective of this article is to review and summarize cases of PL following SARS-CoV-2 infection/vaccination in order to guide clinicians in its diagnosis and management.
PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles. Thirteen articles, consisting of 14 cases of PL following SARS-CoV-2 infection/vaccination, were identified. Males represented 64.3% of cases, and the average age of those affected was 41.4 years. The majority of cases ( = 9, 64.3%) were following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, the most commonly implicated being Pfizer-BioNTech ( = 8/10, 80%), while four (28.6) followed infection. The overall latency period ranged from 5 days to 1 month. Treatments varied greatly. However, at the time of follow-up, 12/14 patients (85.7%) had either marked improvement or complete resolution of lesions.
This review cannot determine causality. However, a temporal association was observed with the case reports, and one case of PL followed SARS-CoV-2 infection and recurred with subsequent vaccination, suggesting an association. Nevertheless, risk of developing PL following SARS-CoV-2 infection/vaccination is likely extremely low. There is also the possibility these cases are purely coincidental. Still, clinicians should be aware of this possible etiology when diagnosing a new or exacerbated case of PL. Finally, given that the majority of patients had marked improvement or complete resolution of lesions at the time of follow-up, clinicians should provide reassurance to their affected patients.
点滴状副银屑病（PL）是一系列涉及多形性皮损的皮肤病。该病的自然病程从急性到慢性不等。已有SARS-CoV-2感染/接种疫苗后发生PL的病例报道，但尚未进行全面综述。因此，本文的目的是回顾和总结SARS-CoV-2感染/接种疫苗后发生PL的病例，以指导临床医生进行诊断和管理。
在PubMed、Embase和科学网中检索相关文章。共识别出13篇文章，其中包含14例SARS-CoV-2感染/接种疫苗后发生PL的病例。男性占病例的64.3%，受影响者的平均年龄为41.4岁。大多数病例（n = 9，64.3%）发生在SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后，最常涉及的是辉瑞-BioNTech疫苗（n = 8/10，80%），而4例（28.6%）发生在感染后。总体潜伏期为5天至1个月。治疗方法差异很大。然而，在随访时，12/14例患者（85.7%）的皮损有明显改善或完全消退。
本综述无法确定因果关系。然而，在病例报告中观察到一种时间关联，1例PL在SARS-CoV-2感染后发生，并在随后接种疫苗时复发，提示存在关联。尽管如此，SARS-CoV-2感染/接种疫苗后发生PL的风险可能极低。这些病例也有可能纯属巧合。尽管如此，临床医生在诊断新的或加重的PL病例时应意识到这种可能的病因。最后，鉴于大多数患者在随访时皮损有明显改善或完全消退，临床医生应向受影响的患者提供安慰。
